Daily exercise lowers blood pressure and reduces visceral adipose tissue areas in overweight Japanese men

• Published in: Diabetes research and clinical practice Vol. 62; no. 3; pp. 149 - 157
• Main Authors: Miyatake, Nobuyuki, Takahashi, Kayo, Wada, Jun, Nishikawa, Hidetaka, Morishita, Akie, Suzuki, Hisao, Kunitomi, Mie, Makino, Hirofumi, Kira, Shohei, Fujii, Masafumi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Shannon Elsevier Ireland Ltd 01.12.2003; Elsevier Science
• Subjects: Adipose Tissue - anatomy & histology; Adipose Tissue - diagnostic imaging; Adult; Anthropometric parameters; Biological and medical sciences; Blood Pressure - physiology; Body Constitution; Computed tomography; Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance; Diastole; Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases); Endocrinopathies; Energy Intake; Exercise - physiology; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Japan; Male; Medical sciences; Metabolic diseases; Middle Aged; Muscle, Skeletal - physiopathology; Obesity; Obesity - diagnostic imaging; Obesity - physiopathology; Obesity - rehabilitation; Regression Analysis; Systole; Time Factors; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Viscera; Visceral adipose tissue; Asia; Japan; Computed tomography; Anthropometric parameters; Visceral adipose tissue; Endocrinopathy; Physical exercise; Human; Adipose tissue; Radiodiagnosis; Diabetes mellitus; Overweight; Daily; Medical imagery; Blood pressure; Computerized axial tomography; Viscus
• ISSN: 0168-8227; 1872-8227
• DOI: 10.1016/S0168-8227(03)00176-1

Objective: To investigate the link between a reduction in blood pressure (BP) and daily exercise. Design: Cross-sectional and longitudinal clinical intervention study with exercise education. Subjects: 43 overweight Japanese men aged 32–59 years (BMI, 29.0±2.3 kg/m 2) at baseline. Among the participants, a randomly selected 23 overweight men (BMI, 28.5±1.7) were further enrolled into the 10 months exercise program. Measurements: BP was measured every week and steps per day were also recorded every day throughout the observation period. Fat distribution was evaluated by visceral fat (V) and subcutaneous fat (S) areas measured with computed tomography (CT) scanning at umbilical level, at before, 5 months and after intervention. Anthropometric parameters were also measured at same point. Aerobic exercise level, muscle strength, flexibility and calorie intake and insulin resistance (HOMA index) were investigated at before and after the study. Results: In a cross sectional analysis, systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) were significantly correlated with body composition. In a second longitudinal analysis, SBP was significantly reduced at 2 months and DBP was also reduced at 3 months, and almost maintained until the end of the observation period. Increasing daily walking was observed in 3 months and maintained until 10 months. Body composition, aerobic exercise level, muscle strength, flexibility and insulin resistance were significantly improved. There was positive correlation between ΔDBP and Δvisceral fat area (1–5, 5–10, 1–10 months). By stepwise multiple regression analysis, only Δvisceral fat area was independently related to ΔDBP at a significant level (1–10 months: ΔDBP=−0.608+0.105Δvisceral fat area, r 2=0.227, P=0.0334). Conclusion: The present study indicated daily exercise lowers BP and visceral fat area is the critical factor for BP change.