Medium Chain Triglycerides Modulate the Ketogenic Effect of a Metabolic Switch

• Published in: Frontiers in nutrition (Lausanne) Vol. 7; p. 3
• Main Authors: Vandenberghe, Camille, St-Pierre, Valérie, Fortier, Mélanie, Castellano, Christian-Alexandre, Cuenoud, Bernard, Cunnane, Stephen C
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 31.01.2020
• Subjects: free fatty acids; glucose; insulin; ketone; medium chain triglycerides; Nutrition; ketone; glucose; free fatty acids; insulin; medium chain triglycerides
• ISSN: 2296-861X; 2296-861X
• DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00003

Ketones provide an alternative brain fuel and may be neuroprotective in older people. Little is known of how to optimize the ketogenic effect of C8:0-C10:0 medium chain triglyceride supplement (kMCT). Metabolic switching (MS) from glucose to ketones as a fuel may have metabolic benefits but has not been extensively studied in humans. The objective of the present study was to use an 8 h metabolic study day protocol to assess the influence of typical components of MS, including a kMCT supplement, low-carbohydrate meal and meal timing, on blood ketones, glucose, insulin and free fatty acids (FFA). In one test, the effect of age was also investigated. Over the 8 h metabolic study day, two 10 g doses of the kMCT increased the plasma ketone response by 19% while reducing overall glycemia by 12% without altering insulin or FFA levels. Moreover, a single early meal (breakfast but no lunch) potentiated the ketogenic effect of MS over 8 h, compared to a single delayed meal (lunch but no breakfast). Age and the low carbohydrate meal did not affect the ketones response. We conclude that an 8-h test period can be used to assess metabolic changes during short-term MS. kMCT provide a robust short-term increase in ketones and might enhance the metabolic effectiveness of short-term or intermittent fasting as a component of MS.