A Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals a Rich Genetic Architecture of Flour Color-Related Traits in Bread Wheat

• Published in: Frontiers in plant science Vol. 9; p. 1136
• Main Authors: Zhai, Shengnan, Liu, Jindong, Xu, Dengan, Wen, Weie, Yan, Jun, Zhang, Pingzhi, Wan, Yingxiu, Cao, Shuanghe, Hao, Yuanfeng, Xia, Xianchun, Ma, Wujun, He, Zhonghu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 03.08.2018
• Subjects: brightness (L); candidate gene; GWAS; Plant Science; redness (a); yellow pigment content (YPC); yellowness (b); yellowness (b); GWAS; candidate gene; redness (a); yellow pigment content (YPC); brightness (L)
• ISSN: 1664-462X; 1664-462X
• DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01136

Flour color-related traits, including brightness (L ), redness (a ), yellowness (b ) and yellow pigment content (YPC), are very important for end-use quality of wheat. Uncovering the genetic architecture of these traits is necessary for improving wheat quality by marker-assisted selection (MAS). In the present study, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed on a collection of 166 bread wheat cultivars to better understand the genetic architecture of flour color-related traits using the wheat 90 and 660 K SNP arrays, and 10 allele-specific markers for known genes influencing these traits. Fifteen, 28, 25, and 32 marker-trait associations (MTAs) for L , a , b , and YPC, respectively, were detected, explaining 6.5-20.9% phenotypic variation. Seventy-eight loci were consistent across all four environments. Compared with previous studies, , and the 1B•1R translocation controlling flour color-related traits were confirmed, and four loci were novel. Two and 11 loci explained much more phenotypic variation of a and YPC than phytoene synthase 1 gene ( ), respectively. Sixteen candidate genes were predicted based on biochemical information and bioinformatics analyses, mainly related to carotenoid biosynthesis and degradation, terpenoid backbone biosynthesis and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis. The results largely enrich our knowledge of the genetic basis of flour color-related traits in bread wheat and provide valuable markers for wheat quality improvement. The study also indicated that GWAS was a powerful strategy for dissecting flour color-related traits and identifying candidate genes based on diverse genotypes and high-throughput SNP arrays.