Dose-Dependent Neutralizing-Antibody Responses to Vaccinia

• Published in: The Journal of infectious diseases Vol. 189; no. 3; pp. 493 - 497
• Main Authors: Belshe, Robert B., Newman, Frances K., Frey, Sharon E., Couch, Robert B., Treanor, John J., Tacket, Carol O., Yan, Lihan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chicago, IL The University of Chicago Press 01.02.2004; University of Chicago Press; Oxford University Press
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Antibodies, Viral - blood; Biological and medical sciences; Blister - pathology; Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; Female; Fever - pathology; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Humans; Infectious diseases; Male; Medical sciences; Microbiology; Neutralization Tests; Single-Blind Method; Smallpox Vaccine - administration & dosage; Smallpox Vaccine - adverse effects; Smallpox Vaccine - immunology; United States; Vaccination; Vaccinia - blood; Vaccinia - immunology; Vaccinia - pathology; Vaccinia virus; Variola virus; Viral Plaque Assay; United States; Infection; Microbiology; Vaccinia; Viral disease; Neutralizing antibody
• ISSN: 0022-1899; 1537-6613
• DOI: 10.1086/380906

To evaluate the humoral immune responses to smallpox-vaccine stocks currently available in the United States (Dryvax; Wyeth) and to generate data for comparison of responses to newly produced lots of smallpox vaccine, we evaluated dose-response effects, using undiluted and diluted smallpox vaccine. At 28 and 56 days after vaccination, serum samples were obtained from vaccinated subjects (N=674) who had participated in a randomized, single-blinded trial of an undiluted or a 1:5 or 1:10 dilution of smallpox vaccine and who subsequently were tested for plaque-reduction neutralizing-antibody titer. All subjects who developed a vesicle after vaccination also developed neutralizing antibodies by day 28. Subjects given either a 1:5 or 1:10 dilution of vaccinia had significantly higher neutralizing-antibody titers than did subjects given undiluted vaccine. Larger lesion size and fever after vaccination were associated with significantly higher neutralizing-antibody titers after vaccination