The relationship of workplace violence and nurse outcomes: Gender difference study on a propensity score matched sample

• Published in: Journal of advanced nursing Vol. 76; no. 2; pp. 600 - 610
• Main Authors: Li, Mengqi, Liu, Jiali, Zheng, Jing, Liu, Ke, Wang, Jun, Miner Ross, Amy, Liu, Xu, Fu, Xue, Tang, Jing, Chen, Chen, You, Liming
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.02.2020
• Subjects: Burnout; Coping; Females; gender; Gender differences; intention to stay; Job satisfaction; Males; Nurses; Nursing; Propensity; propensity score match; Security management; Sociodemographics; Structural equation modeling; structural equation modelling; Violence; Workplace violence; Workplaces; intention to stay; propensity score match; gender; structural equation modelling; workplace violence; burnout; nurses; job satisfaction
• ISSN: 0309-2402; 1365-2648
• DOI: 10.1111/jan.14268

Aims To investigate workplace violence and nurse outcomes by comparing gender differences. Design A secondary analysis of cross‐sectional survey data. Methods Workplace violence was measured by four items from the International Hospital Outcome Study. Nurse outcomes were measured by tools including burnout, job satisfaction and intention to stay. We used propensity score matching to generate a sociodemographic balanced dataset of 108 male and 288 female nurses. A hypothetical relationship model was derived from the affective events theory. Comparative statistics and multi‐group structural equation modelling were conducted to analyze gender differences. Data were collected in China from December 2013 – August 2014. Results Male nurses reported more workplace violence from staff and less intention to stay than females. Besides finding the mediation of burnout sharing with female nurses consistent with the affective events theory, workplace violence was directly linked to less intention to stay in male nurses. Conclusion Male nurses experience more workplace violence by staff than female nurses. Besides responding emotionally to workplace violence like female nurses, male nurses also respond behaviourally. Impact What problem did the study address? Gender differences in workplace violence and its relationship to nurse outcomes. What were the main findings? Male nurses experienced more workplace violence than female nurses, linked directly to less intention to stay. Workplace violence linked to less job satisfaction and intention to stay in nurses was mediated by burnout. Where and on whom will the research have impact? Gender‐based prevention of and coping with workplace violence should be included in nursing training. 目的 通过比较性别差异,探讨工作场所暴力与护士结局的关系。 设计 横向调查数据的二次分析。 方法 通过国际医院结局研究中的四个项目对工作场所暴力进行衡量研究。护士结局以工作倦怠、工作满意度和留任意愿为衡量指标。我们采用倾向性评分匹配,生成一个由108名男性护士和288名女性护士组成的社会人口平衡数据集。基于情绪事件理论提出了一个假设关系模型。通过利用好比较统计方法和多组结构方程建模来分析性别差异。数据于2013年12月至2014年8月在中国收集。 结果 相比于女护士,男护士更容易遭受工作场所暴力,留任意愿较低。除了通过与女护士分享工作倦怠的调解作用(与情绪事件理论一致)外,工作场所暴力与男护士的留任意愿降低直接相关。 结论 男护士比女护士更容易遭受工作场所暴力。除了像女护士一样对工作场所暴力做出情绪反应外,男护士还会做出行为上的反应。 影响 本项研究解决了哪些问题?工作场所暴力的性别差异及其与护士去留的关系。主要结果是什么?男护士比女护士更容易遭受工作场所暴力,这与其留任意愿较低直接相关。工作场所暴力与工作满意度和留任意愿降低相关,且通过工作倦怠调解。本项研究将适用于何处且对哪些人产生影响?护理培训应包括基于性别的工作场所暴力预防和应对措施。