Assembly and molecular mode of action of the Helicobacter pylori Cag type IV secretion apparatus

Bacterial type IV secretion systems (T4SS) form supramolecular protein complexes that are capable of transporting DNA or protein substrates across the bacterial cell envelope and, in many cases, also across eukaryotic target cell membranes. Because of these characteristics, they are often used by pa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inThe FEBS journal Vol. 278; no. 8; pp. 1203 - 1212
Main Author Fischer, Wolfgang
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.04.2011
Subjects
Antigens, Bacterial - genetics
Antigens, Bacterial - physiology
bacteria
Bacterial Proteins - genetics
Bacterial Proteins - physiology
CagA
cell membranes
cytoskeleton
DNA
epithelial cells
Epithelial Cells - metabolism
Genes, Bacterial
Genomic Islands - physiology
Helicobacter Infections - metabolism
Helicobacter pylori
Helicobacter pylori - genetics
Helicobacter pylori - pathogenicity
Humans
inflammation
mechanism of action
Multiprotein Complexes - physiology
pathogenicity island
pathogens
protein translocation
Protein Transport - physiology
regulator genes
secretion
secretion apparatus
Stomach - metabolism
transporters
type IV secretion
type IV secretion system
virulence
Virulence Factors - metabolism
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Summary:Bacterial type IV secretion systems (T4SS) form supramolecular protein complexes that are capable of transporting DNA or protein substrates across the bacterial cell envelope and, in many cases, also across eukaryotic target cell membranes. Because of these characteristics, they are often used by pathogenic bacteria for the injection of host cell-modulating virulence factors. One example is the human pathogen Helicobacter pylori, which uses the Cag-T4SS to induce a pro-inflammatory response and multiple cytoskeletal and gene regulatory effects in gastric epithelial cells. Work in recent years has shown that the Cag-T4SS exhibits marked differences in relation to other systems, both with respect to the composition of its secretion apparatus and the molecular details of its secretion mechanisms. This review describes the molecular properties of the Cag-T4SS and compares these with prototypical systems of this family of protein transporters.
Bibliography:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-4658.2011.08036.x
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ISSN:1742-464X
1742-4658
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2011.08036.x