Generalized Method to Quantify Glycidol Fatty Acid Esters in Edible Oils

• Published in: Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society Vol. 88; no. 1; pp. 15 - 21
• Main Authors: Masukawa, Yoshinori, Shiro, Hiroki, Kondo, Naoki, Kudo, Naoto
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer-Verlag 01.01.2011; Springe-Verlag; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Agriculture; Biological and medical sciences; Biomaterials; Biotechnology; Chemical industry; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Chromatography; Fat industries; Fatty acids; Food industries; Food Science; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Glycidol fatty acid ester; Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering; LC‐MS; Manufacturers; Mass spectrometry; Nutrition; Oils & fats; Original Paper; Quantification; Risk assessment; Solid edible oil; TLC; LC-MS; TLC; Quantification; Solid edible oil; Glycidol fatty acid ester; Fatty ester; Lipids; Liquid chromatography; Method; Edible oil; Fatty acids; Oils and fats industry; Quantitative analysis
• ISSN: 0003-021X; 1558-9331
• DOI: 10.1007/s11746-010-1645-3

We previously reported a method to quantify five species of glycidol fatty acid esters (GEs) in edible oils which used a combination of a double solid-phase extraction (SPE) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) using fast HPLC. To expand its application, we established a new method using conventional HPLC, which is applicable not only to liquid oils but also to solid ones. The optimized LC-MS conditions using conventional HPLC were useful for standard GEs but not for oil samples because of the insufficient accuracy during sequential runs. Thin-layer chromatographic studies revealed that co-existing diacylglycerols were not sufficiently removed by the original SPE procedure due to excessive amounts of oil applied to the normal-phase SPE, which disturbed the quantitative and stable detection only when conventional HPLC was employed. The amount of oil applied was decreased tenfold (100 mg → 10 mg), which resulted in stable LC-MS measurements. Furthermore, the use of chloroform/acetone, instead of acetonitrile, prior to the SPE treatment expanded its applicability to solid oils, with recovery values ranging from 102.7 to 109.5% for three oil samples (two liquid and one solid oils). This method can form the basis of a standardized method for the quality control of GEs in edible oils.