The chemokine network, a newly discovered target in high grade gliomas

• Published in: Critical reviews in oncology/hematology Vol. 79; no. 2; pp. 154 - 163
• Main Authors: Domanska, U.M, Kruizinga, R.C, den Dunnen, W.F.A, Timmer-Bosscha, H, de Vries, E.G.E, Walenkamp, A.M.E
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Shannon Elsevier Ireland Ltd 01.08.2011; Elsevier
• Subjects: Angiogenesis; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents - immunology; Antineoplastic Agents - therapeutic use; Astrocytes - drug effects; Astrocytes - immunology; Astrocytes - pathology; Biological and medical sciences; Brain Neoplasms - drug therapy; Brain Neoplasms - immunology; Brain Neoplasms - metabolism; Brain Neoplasms - pathology; Cell Movement - drug effects; Cell Proliferation - drug effects; Chemokine receptors; Chemokines - immunology; Chemokines - metabolism; Chemokines - pharmacology; Disease Progression; Glioma - drug therapy; Glioma - immunology; Glioma - metabolism; Glioma - pathology; Glioma stem cells; Hematologic and hematopoietic diseases; Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine; High grade gliomas; Humans; Infiltration; Medical sciences; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Molecular Targeted Therapy - methods; Neurology; Neurons - drug effects; Neurons - immunology; Neurons - pathology; Receptors, Chemokine - antagonists & inhibitors; Receptors, Chemokine - immunology; Receptors, Chemokine - metabolism; Signal Transduction - drug effects; Signal Transduction - immunology; Targeted therapy; Tumors of the nervous system. Phacomatoses; growth regulated oncogene alpha; TNFα; endothelial growth factor receptor; RANTES; Duffy antigen receptor for cytokines; G-protein-coupled receptor; World Health Organisation; glioma stem cells; Angiogenesis; IL4, 6, 8, 10; STAT-3; tumour necrosis factor alpha; formylated peptide receptor; WHO; IFNγ; regulated on activation, normal T expressed and secreted cytokine; interferon gamma; gamma-aminobutyric acid; stroma derived factor 1; MAPK; G-CSF; human immunodeficiency virus 1; chemokine receptor; hypoxia-induced factor 1; central nervous system; ERK1/2; GABA; radiotherapy; GPCR; Infiltration; human microvascular endothelial cells; HIV-1; glioblastoma multiforme; HMEC; MCP-1; RT; platelet derived growth factor; Targeted therapy; fMLF/fMLP; SDF-1; CNS; FPR; EGFR; interleukin 4, 6, 8, 10; mitogen-activated protein kinase; HIF-1; GBM; monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; GSCs; granulocyte-colony stimulating factor; GRO-α; VEGF; bone marrow-derived cells; Chemokine receptors; BMDCs; CR; extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2; DARC; formylated methionine-leucine-phenylalanine; signal transducers and activators of transcription-3; High grade gliomas; PDGF; vascular endothelial growth factor; Glioma stem cells; Nervous system diseases; Targeting; Stem cell; Chemokine receptor; High grade; Chemokine; Cancerology; Treatment; Glioma; Central nervous system disease; Network; Tumor; Neovascularization; High malignancy
• ISSN: 1040-8428; 1879-0461
• DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2010.07.006

Abstract Chemokines are small cytokines, characterised by their ability to induce directional migration of cells by binding to chemokine receptors. They are known to play a role in tumour development, angiogenesis and metastasis. Interestingly, the chemokine network also contributes to the progression of gliomas, mainly by intensifying their characteristic invasive character. The main hurdle in treatment of these tumours is their infiltration of surrounding tissues, hampering complete surgical tumour removal. Standard postsurgical treatment with radio- and chemotherapy is of limited effect. Therefore drugs that target the chemokine system in high grade gliomas might fill the gap existing in the current approach. This review presents the current knowledge of the role of chemokine network in the development of the central nervous system, in brain physiology and the involvement in brain tumour progression. Finally, current studies exploring new compounds targeting the chemokine network in cancer patient are discussed.