Co-Immobilization of Rhizopus oryzae and Candida rugosa Lipases onto mMWCNTs@4-arm-PEG-NH2—A Novel Magnetic Nanotube–Polyethylene Glycol Amine Composite—And Its Applications for Biodiesel Production

This article describes the successful synthesis of a novel nanocomposite of superparamagnetic multi-walled nanotubes with a four-arm polyethylene glycol amine polymer (mMWCNTs@4-arm-PEG-NH2). This composite was then employed as a support for the covalent co-immobilization of Rhizopus oryzae and Cand...

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Published inInternational journal of molecular sciences Vol. 22; no. 21; p. 11956
Main Authors Abdulmalek, Saadiah A., Li, Kai, Wang, Jianhua, Ghide, Michael Kidane, Yan, Yunjun
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.11.2021
MDPI
Subjects
4-arm-PEG-NH2
Biocatalysts
biodiesel
Biodiesel fuels
Biofuels
Candida rugosa
Carbon
co-immobilization
Cooking
Diesel
Enzymes
Fungi
Immobilization
Industrial applications
lipase
Nanocomposites
Nanomaterials
Polyethylene glycol
Polymers
Protein folding
Reaction time
Rhizopus oryzae
Thermal stability
Ultrasonic imaging
Ultrasound
ultrasound-assisted enzymatic reaction
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Summary:This article describes the successful synthesis of a novel nanocomposite of superparamagnetic multi-walled nanotubes with a four-arm polyethylene glycol amine polymer (mMWCNTs@4-arm-PEG-NH2). This composite was then employed as a support for the covalent co-immobilization of Rhizopus oryzae and Candida rugosa lipases under appropriate conditions. The co-immobilized lipases (CIL-mMWCNTs@4-arm-PEG-NH2) exhibited maximum specific activity of 99.626U/mg protein, which was 34.5-fold superior to that of free ROL, and its thermal stability was greatly improved. Most significantly, CIL-mMWCNTs@4-arm-PEG-NH2 was used to prepare biodiesel from waste cooking oil under ultrasound conditions, and within 120 min, the biodiesel conversion rate reached 97.64%. This was due to the synergy effect between ROL and CRL and the ultrasound-assisted enzymatic process, resulting in an increased biodiesel yield in a short reaction time. Moreover, after ten reuse cycles, the co-immobilized lipases still retained a biodiesel yield of over 78.55%, exhibiting excellent operational stability that is attractive for practical applications. Consequently, the combined use of a novel designed carrier, the co-immobilized lipases with synergy effect, and the ultrasound-assisted enzymatic reaction exhibited potential prospects for future applications in biodiesel production and various industrial applications.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms222111956