The Role of Peptide Hormones Discovered in the 21st Century in the Regulation of Adipose Tissue Functions

• Published in: Genes Vol. 12; no. 5; p. 756
• Main Authors: Kołodziejski, Paweł A., Pruszyńska-Oszmałek, Ewa, Wojciechowicz, Tatiana, Sassek, Maciej, Leciejewska, Natalia, Jasaszwili, Mariami, Billert, Maria, Małek, Emilian, Szczepankiewicz, Dawid, Misiewicz-Mielnik, Magdalena, Hertig, Iwona, Nogowski, Leszek, Nowak, Krzysztof W., Strowski, Mathias Z., Skrzypski, Marek
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 17.05.2021; MDPI
• Subjects: Adipocytes; Adipogenesis; Adipose tissue (brown); adropin; apelin and elabela; Appetite; Body fat; Brain research; Chromosomes; Energy balance; Energy expenditure; Energy metabolism; Genes; Glucose; Homeostasis; Hormones; irisin; Kinases; Kiss1 protein; kisspeptin; Lipids; Liver; Mammals; Metabolism; MOTS-c; Neuropeptides; Peptide hormones; Peptides; phoenixin; Proteins; Review
• ISSN: 2073-4425; 2073-4425
• DOI: 10.3390/genes12050756

Peptide hormones play a prominent role in controlling energy homeostasis and metabolism. They have been implicated in controlling appetite, the function of the gastrointestinal and cardiovascular systems, energy expenditure, and reproduction. Furthermore, there is growing evidence indicating that peptide hormones and their receptors contribute to energy homeostasis regulation by interacting with white and brown adipose tissue. In this article, we review and discuss the literature addressing the role of selected peptide hormones discovered in the 21st century (adropin, apelin, elabela, irisin, kisspeptin, MOTS-c, phoenixin, spexin, and neuropeptides B and W) in controlling white and brown adipogenesis. Furthermore, we elaborate how these hormones control adipose tissue functions in vitro and in vivo.