Macrophage immunomodulatory activity of extracellular polysaccharide (PEP) of Antarctic bacterium Pseudoaltermonas sp.S-5

Antarctic bacteria are a novel source of polysaccharides which might have potential applications as biological response modifiers (BRM). A heteropolysaccharide (PEP) was isolated from the liquid culture broth of the Antarctic bacterium Pseudoaltermonas sp.S-5. PEP contained Mannose, Glucose, and Gal...

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Published inInternational immunopharmacology Vol. 12; no. 4; pp. 611 - 617
Main Authors Bai, Yungui, Zhang, Pengying, Chen, Guochuang, Cao, Jianfeng, Huang, Taotao, Chen, Kaoshan
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Kidlington Elsevier B.V 01.04.2012
Elsevier
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Summary:Antarctic bacteria are a novel source of polysaccharides which might have potential applications as biological response modifiers (BRM). A heteropolysaccharide (PEP) was isolated from the liquid culture broth of the Antarctic bacterium Pseudoaltermonas sp.S-5. PEP contained Mannose, Glucose, and Galactose in a ratio of 4.8:50.9:44.3. High performance gel permeation chromatography of this polysaccharide showed a unimodal profile, and the molecular weight was 397kDa. PEP was studied for its immunological effects on peritoneal macrophage cells. Morphological alterations were observed in macrophages treated with PEP. In vitro exposure to PEP increased the occurrence of activated macrophages and endocytic index in a dose-dependent pattern (2.5–50μg/ml) after 24h of incubation, since increase of 136% and 133% was detected in the activated macrophage percentage and endocytic index respectively compared to untreated cells. At 200μg/ml PEP caused a greatest increase (44.5%) in NO production when compared to the control group; however, this polysaccharide did not affect respiratory burst in the absence of PMA. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that PEP induces macrophages to secrete tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β. These results suggested that PEP from Pseudoaltermonas sp.S-5 can be classified as a BRM. ►We isolated a new bacterium, Pseudoaltermonas sp.S-5 from Antarctic sea ice. ►PEP is a heteropolysaccharide isolated from cultured Pseudoaltermonas sp.S-5. ►We assessed the immunomodulatory effects of PEP on macrophages. ►PEP stimulated macrophages activation and phagocytic ability. ►PEP induced production of nitric oxide and secretion of TNF-α and IL-1β.
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ISSN:1567-5769
1878-1705
DOI:10.1016/j.intimp.2012.02.009