Producing American English Vowels During Vocal Tract Growth: A Perceptual Categorization Study of Synthesized Vowels

• Published in: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research Vol. 52; no. 5; pp. 1268 - 1285
• Main Authors: Menard, Lucie, Davis, Barbara L, Boe, Louis-Jean, Roy, Johanna-Pascale
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States ASHA 01.10.2009; American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA); American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
• Subjects: Acoustics; Adolescent; Adolescents; Adults; Age Differences; Articulation (Speech); Changes; Child; Child, Preschool; Classification; Humans; Individual Development; Infant; Jaw - physiology; Language Development; Larynx; North American English; Perception; Phonemes; Phonetics; Physiological aspects; Psychoacoustics; Speech; Speech - physiology; Speech Perception; Speech production; Studies; Study and teaching; Tongue - growth & development; Tongue - physiology; Vocabulary; Vocal Cords - growth & development; Vocal Cords - physiology; Vocal tract; Vowels; Young Adult; Young Children; United States
• ISSN: 1092-4388; 1558-9102
• DOI: 10.1044/1092-4388(2009/08-0008)

Barbara L. Davis University of Texas at Austin Louis-Jean Boë Université Stendhal/Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble, France Johanna-Pascale Roy Université Laval, Sainte-Foy, Canada Contact author: Lucie Ménard, Département de Linguistique et Didactique des Langues, Université du Québec à Montréal, Case Postale 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada. E-mail: menard.lucie{at}uqam.ca . Purpose: To consider interactions of vocal tract change with growth and perceived output patterns across development, the influence of nonuniform vocal tract growth on the ability to reach acoustic–perceptual targets for English vowels was studied. Method: Thirty-seven American English speakers participated in a perceptual categorization experiment. For the experiment, an articulatory-to-acoustic model was used to synthesize 342 five-formant vowels, covering maximal vowel spaces for speakers at 5 growth stages (from 6 months old to adult). Results: Results indicate that the 3 vowels /i u æ/ can be correctly perceived by adult listeners when produced by speakers with a 6-month-old vocal tract. Articulatory-to-acoustic relationships for these 3 vowels differ across growth stages. For a given perceived vowel category, the infant's tongue position is more fronted than the adult's. Furthermore, nonuniform vocal tract growth influences degree of interarticulator coupling for a given perceived vowel, leading to a reduced correlation between jaw height and tongue body position in infantlike compared with adult vocal tracts. Conclusion: Findings suggest that nonuniform vocal tract growth does not prevent the speaker from producing acoustic–auditory targets related to American English vowels. However, the relationships between articulatory configurations and perceptual targets change from birth to adulthood. KEY WORDS: developmental milestones, speech and language, speech perception CiteULike     Connotea     Del.icio.us     Digg     Facebook     Reddit     Technorati     Twitter     What's this?