A suite of asymmetric citrate siderophores isolated from a marine Shewanella species

• Published in: Journal of inorganic biochemistry Vol. 198; p. 110736
• Main Authors: Carmichael, Jeffrey R., Zhou, Hongjun, Butler, Alison
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.09.2019
• Subjects: Biosynthesis; Citrates - chemistry; Citrates - isolation & purification; Fatty Acids - chemistry; Fatty Acids - isolation & purification; Genes, Bacterial; Genomics; Iron; Lysine - analogs & derivatives; Lysine - isolation & purification; NIS synthetase; Phylogeny; Shewanella - chemistry; Shewanella woodyi MS32; Siderophore; Siderophores - chemistry; Siderophores - isolation & purification; Iron; Biosynthesis; Siderophore; NIS synthetase; Shewanella woodyi MS32
• ISSN: 0162-0134; 1873-3344
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110736

Woodybactins A-D are a suite of new fatty acyl siderophores produced by the luminous marine bacterium Shewanella woodyi MS32. While this bacterium has a set of genes homologous to the biosynthetic gene cluster for aerobactin, aerobactin is not produced. The arrangement of these genes within the genome differs in S. woodyi MS32 when compared to E. coli and other species producing siderophores similar to aerobactin, and one synthetase gene which would append a second acyl-hydroxylysine to the terminal carboxylate of citrate is not functional. Within the suite of woodybactins A-D, which differ by the fatty acid appendage, one contains an unusual C9 (9:0) fatty acid and one contains a unique branched C9 iso (9:0 iso) fatty acid, as well as a C8 (8:0) and C10 (10:0) fatty acid. The bioluminescent bacterium Shewanella woodyi MS32 produces a suite of siderophores, woodybactins A-D, which vary by fatty acid. The biosynthetic swoABC and swoD genes are homologous to the aerobactin iucABCD synthesis genes, however the synthetase gene, swoD, which resides far from the main cluster, is evidently not functional. [Display omitted] •Genome mining was used to predict siderophore biosynthesis and structure.•Genomic analysis of Nonribosomal peptide synthetase-Independent Siderophore (NIS) synthetases•New citrate-derived siderophores are reported.•Novel siderophores are shown to be suites of amphiphiles.