Tumor‐derived exosomes: Implication in angiogenesis and antiangiogenesis cancer therapy

• Published in: Journal of cellular physiology Vol. 234; no. 10; pp. 16885 - 16903
• Main Authors: Aslan, Cynthia, Maralbashi, Sepideh, Salari, Farhad, Kahroba, Houman, Sigaroodi, Faraz, Kazemi, Tohid, Kharaziha, Pedram
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.10.2019
• Subjects: Angiogenesis; Angiogenesis Inhibitors - therapeutic use; Cancer; Cancer therapies; cancer therapy; Drug delivery; Drug delivery systems; Endocytosis; Exosomes; extracellular vesicles; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Invasiveness; Macrophages; Neoplasms - drug therapy; Neovascularization, Pathologic - drug therapy; Stem cells; tumor; Tumor cells; Tumors; cancer therapy; extracellular vesicles; angiogenesis; exosomes; tumor
• ISSN: 0021-9541; 1097-4652; 1097-4652
• DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28374

Tumor cells utilize different strategies to communicate with neighboring tissues for facilitating tumor progression and invasion, one of these strategies has been shown to be the release of exosomes. Exosomes are small nanovesicles secreted by all kind of cells in the body, especially cancer cells, and mediate cell to cell communications. Exosomes play an important role in cancer invasiveness by harboring various cargoes that could accelerate angiogenesis. Here first, we will present an overview of exosomes, their biology, and their function in the body. Then, we will focus on exosomes derived from tumor cells as tumor angiogenesis mediators with a particular emphasis on the underlying mechanisms in various cancer origins. Also, exosomes derived from stem cells and tumor‐associated macrophages will be discussed in this regard. Finally, we will discuss the novel therapeutic strategies of exosomes as drug delivery vehicles against angiogenesis. Tumor‐derived exosomes deliver multiple proangiogenic signals to endothelial cells and induce the process of angiogenesis. As exosomes are nanosized and have native structure, they could be used as drug delivery vehicles to target and inhibit tumor angiogenesis.