Occurrence and intake of deoxynivalenol in cereal-based products marketed in Korea during 2007-2008

• Published in: Food additives & contaminants Part B, Surveillance communications Vol. 2; no. 2; pp. 154 - 161
• Main Authors: Ok, H.E, Chang, H.J, Choi, S.W, Cho, T.Y, Oh, K.S, Chun, H.S
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Abingdon Taylor & Francis Group 01.01.2009; Taylor & Francis
• Subjects: barley products; Biological and medical sciences; Cereal and baking product industries; cereals and grain; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; clean-up - affinity columns; corn products; deoxynivalenol; dietary exposure; Edible Grain - chemistry; estimated dietary intake; exposure; Food Contamination - analysis; food grains; Food industries; food pathogens; Food toxicology; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); immunoaffinity chromatography; Limit of Detection; maximum permissible intake; method validation; mycotoxins - trichothecenes; processed foods; quantitative analysis; Reproducibility of Results; Republic of Korea; reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography; rice products; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; toxigenic strains; trichothecenes; Trichothecenes - analysis; Trichothecenes - toxicity; wheat products; South Korea; Asia; Korea; Republic of Korea; Validation; method validation; Mycotoxin; Vomitoxin; HPLC chromatography; Markets; cereals and grain; clean-up - affinity columns; Method; Trichothecene; high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); processed foods; Toxin; mycotoxins - trichothecenes; Surveillance; exposure; Cereal product; Affinity; Cereal; Processed food; mycotoxins – trichothecenes; clean-up – affinity columns
• ISSN: 1939-3210; 1939-3229
• DOI: 10.1080/19440040903367179

The occurrence of deoxynivalenol (DON) was investigated in 514 cereal-based products (corn-based, n = 125; barley-based, n = 96; wheat-based, n = 94; rice-based, n = 199) marketed in Korea during 2007-2008, and estimates of DON intake were determined. Samples were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet light (UV) detection after immunoaffinity clean-up. The limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ) were 2.2 and 5.6 µg kg-1, respectively. Recoveries and repeatability expressed as coefficients of variation (CV) were 82.3-100% and 2.4-15.3% in beer, bread and dried corn. The incidences and mean levels of DON were 56% and 68.9 µg kg-1 for corn-based products, 49% and 24.1 µg kg-1 for wheat-based products, 43% and 7.5 µg kg-1 for barley-based products, and 16% and 3.4 µg kg-1 for rice-based products, respectively. The estimated daily intake of DON from the consumption of rice-based, wheat-based, barley-based and corn-based products were 0.0038 µg kg-1 bw day-1, 0.0032 µg kg-1 bw day-1, 0.0015 µg kg-1 bw day-1 and 0.0002 µg kg-1 bw day-1, respectively. These values represent 0.38%, 0.32%, 0.25% and 0.01% of the provisional maximum tolerable daily intake (PMTDI) of 1 µg kg-1 bw day-1. These results indicate that rice-based products are major contributors to DON exposure in Korea, even though the current exposure level is unlikely to cause adverse health effects.