An Evaluation of the Antibacterial, Antileishmanial, and Cytotoxic Potential of the Secondary Metabolites of Streptomyces sp. ARH (A3)

• Published in: Microorganisms (Basel) Vol. 12; no. 3; p. 476
• Main Authors: de Azevedo, Virlanna Larissa Santos, Rosa, Fernanda Costa, Dias, Leo Ruben Lopes, Batista, Lucas Abrantes, Melo, Mariana Costa, Sales, Luis Alfredo Torres, Branco, Abia de Jesus Martins, Araújo, Thalison Rômulo Rocha, de Miranda, Rita de Cássia Mendonça, Aliança, Amanda Silva Dos Santos
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 27.02.2024; MDPI
• Subjects: Acetic acid; actinomycetes; Antibiotics; Antiinfectives and antibacterials; Antimicrobial activity; Antimicrobial agents; antimicrobials; Bacteria; biotechnology; Cytotoxicity; Drug development; Erythrocytes; Ethyl acetate; Fermentation; Gene sequencing; Genetic testing; Genomes; Identification; leishmanicidal; Mammalian cells; Metabolites; Microorganisms; Parasites; Phylogenetics; Public health; Rhizosphere; Ribosomal DNA; Secondary metabolites; Soil bacteria; Soil microorganisms; Streptomyces; Toxic diseases; Tuberculosis; United States > US; Germany; leishmanicidal; biotechnology; actinomycetes; antimicrobials; cytotoxicity
• ISSN: 2076-2607; 2076-2607
• DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12030476

This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial, leishmanicidal, and cytotoxic potential of metabolites produced by bacteria isolated from rhizosphere soil samples. The bacterium was identified by genome sequencing as . A preliminary screening was carried out for the antimicrobial activity of , demonstrating activity against ATCC 6538, ATCC 27010, ATCC 27012, and , with inhibition halos of sizes 25, 36, 29, and 33 mm, respectively. To obtain secondary metabolites, the bacteria were subjected to submerged fermentation, and the metabolites were extracted using the liquid-liquid method with ethyl acetate. There was a similar MIC for and the two strains of , reaching a concentration of 12.5 µg/mL, while that of was 0.048 µg/mL. Assays for leishmanicidal activity and cytotoxicity against HEp-2 cells and red blood cells were performed. The metabolite showed an IC of 9.0 ± 0.9 µg/mL and CC of 221.2 ± 7.0 µg/mL. This metabolite does not have hemolytic activity and is more selective for parasites than for mammalian cells, with a selectivity index of 24.6. Thus, the studied metabolite may be a strong candidate for the development of less toxic drugs to treat diseases caused by pathogens.