Neutralizing antibody and T-cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants by heterologous CoronaVac/ChAdOx-1 vaccination in elderly subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

• Published in: Vaccine Vol. 41; no. 40; pp. 5901 - 5909
• Main Authors: Chaiwong, Warawut, Takheaw, Nuchjira, Pata, Supansa, Laopajon, Witida, Duangjit, Pilaiporn, Inchai, Juthamas, Pothirat, Chaicharn, Bumroongkit, Chaiwat, Deesomchok, Athavudh, Theerakittikul, Theerakorn, Limsukon, Atikun, Tajarernmuang, Pattraporn, Niyatiwatchanchai, Nutchanok, Trongtrakul, Konlawij, Chuensirikulchai, Kantinan, Cheyasawan, Passaworn, Liwsrisakun, Chalerm, Kasinrerk, Watchara
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 15.09.2023; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Adenovirus-vectored vaccine; Allergy and Immunology; Antibodies; CD4 antigen; CD4-positive T-lymphocytes; CD8 antigen; CD8-positive T-lymphocytes; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Clinical trials; COPD; COVID-19; COVID-19 vaccines; Disease transmission; Elderly; FasL protein; Health care; Heterologous COVID-19 vaccine; Immune response (cell-mediated); Immune response (humoral); Interleukin 10; Interleukin 17; Interleukin 4; Lung diseases; Lymphocytes T; Neutralizing; Normal distribution; Obstructive lung disease; Older people; Pandemics; Peptides; Proteins; respiratory tract diseases; SARS-CoV-2; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Tumor necrosis factor-α; vaccination; Vaccines; Variants of concern; γ-Interferon; Adenovirus-vectored vaccine; Variants of concern; SARS-CoV-2; Elderly; Heterologous COVID-19 vaccine; COPD
• ISSN: 0264-410X; 1873-2518; 1873-2518
• DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.08.034

Data on humoral and cellular immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 after receiving heterologous CoronaVac/ChAdOx-1 (CoVac/ChAd) vaccination in subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are still limited. Therefore, we determined the neutralizing antibody (NAb) and T-cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 wild type (WT) and variants of concern (VOCs) in COPD patients. The levels of NAb as well as specific CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 WT and VOCs were determined in COPD patients before and after vaccination. Four weeks after vaccinations, the median levels of % inhibition of NAb against SARS-CoV-2 WT, Alpha, Beta, and Delta variants were significantly higher compared to pre-vaccination. The induction of NAb against Omicron was very low compared to other variants. At four weeks after vaccination, in comparison to pre-vaccination, the increasing trend of TNF-α-, IFN-γ-, IL-4-, IL-17-, IL-10-, and FasL-producing CD4 T-cells upon stimulation with WT spike peptides were demonstrated. No difference in T-cell responses to spike peptides of Alpha, Beta, and Delta variants and their WT homologs was observed. Heterologous CoVac/ChAd vaccine induced the production of NAb against SARS-CoV-2 WT, Alpha, Beta, and Delta variants, but low for Omicron in COPD patients. Induction of CD4 T-cell subset responses was slightly observed by this vaccine regimen. Clinical Trials Registry: This study was approved by the Clinical Trials Registry (Study ID: TCTR20210822002).