Cathepsins B, H, L and cysteine protease inhibitors in malignant prostate cell lines, primary cultured prostatic cells and prostatic tissue

• Published in: European journal of cancer (1990) Vol. 35; no. 1; pp. 138 - 144
• Main Authors: Friedrich, B, Jung, K, Lein, M, Türk, I, Rudolph, B, Hampel, G, Schnorr, D, Loening, S.A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01.01.1999; Elsevier
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biological and medical sciences; Cathepsin B - metabolism; Cathepsin H; Cathepsin L; cathepsins; Cathepsins - metabolism; Cysteine Endopeptidases - metabolism; cysteine protease; Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors - metabolism; DU 145; Endopeptidases; Humans; inhibitor; LNCaP; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Proteins - metabolism; Nephrology. Urinary tract diseases; PC 3; prostate carcinoma; Prostatic Neoplasms - metabolism; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Tumors of the urinary system; Urinary tract. Prostate gland; cysteine protease; LNCaP; PC 3; inhibitor; DU 145; cathepsins; prostate carcinoma; Adenocarcinoma; Human; Cathepsin L; Cysteine; Urinary system disease; Prostate disease; Enzyme; Cysteine endopeptidases; Cathepsin H; Malignant tumor; Peptidases; Cathepsin B; Hydrolases; Female; Male genital diseases; Prostate; Protease inhibitor; Quantitative analysis
• ISSN: 0959-8049; 1879-0852
• DOI: 10.1016/S0959-8049(98)00273-1

Elevated activities of cysteine proteinases, the cathepsins B, H, L (CB, CH, CL) and diminished cysteine protease inhibitors (CPI) have been demonstrated in a variety of tumours and have been suggested to contribute to invasion and metastasis. The situation for prostate cancer is still unknown. In this study, using fluorimetric assays, the catalytic activities of CB, CH, CL were measured in prostatic tissue samples after radical prostatectomy, adenomectomy, transurethral resection of the prostate, in cell cultures grown from cancerous and non-cancerous parts of human prostate after prostatectomy and in the cell lines LNCaP, DU 145 and PC 3. CPIs were determined using heat activation before testing their inhibitory activity against purified CB. Comparing matched pairs of normal and cancerous tissue samples from the prostate, significantly decreased levels of CB, CL in malignant parts of the prostate were found. In contrast, primary cell cultures from cancerous samples showed elevated levels of CB, CH, CL and increased ratios of cathepsins to CPI compared with cell cultures from normal prostate. Established cell lines showed a similar distribution pattern of each cathepsin, DU 145 containing the highest levels, followed by LNCaP and PC 3. Our results suggest that elevated cathepsin levels and consequently increased ratios of cathepsins to CPI in primary cell cultures from cancerous versus non-cancerous parts of the prostate may be indicative of a cellular proteolytic imbalance in prostatic cancer cells. In this respect, primary cell culture experiments should be preferred to determinations in tissue samples.