Oxidative stress parameters in unmedicated and treated bipolar subjects during initial manic episode: A possible role for lithium antioxidant effects

• Published in: Neuroscience letters Vol. 421; no. 1; pp. 33 - 36
• Main Authors: Machado-Vieira, Rodrigo, Andreazza, Ana Cristina, Viale, Carlos Ivan, Zanatto, Vanessa, Cereser, Victor, Vargas, Rafael da Silva, Kapczinski, Flávio, Portela, Luiz V., Souza, Diogo O., Salvador, Mirian, Gentil, Valentim
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Shannon Elsevier Ireland Ltd 21.06.2007; Elsevier
• Subjects: Adult; Adult and adolescent clinical studies; Analysis of Variance; Biological and medical sciences; Bipolar disorder; Bipolar Disorder - blood; Bipolar Disorder - drug therapy; Bipolar disorders; Brain; Case-Control Studies; Catalase - blood; Energy metabolism; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Humans; Lithium; Lithium Chloride - therapeutic use; Male; Mania; Medical sciences; Mitochondria; Mood disorders; Neurobiology; Neuroprotective Agents - therapeutic use; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase - blood; Psychiatry; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychopathology. Psychiatry; Stress; Superoxide Dismutase - blood; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances - metabolism; Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs; Oxidative stress; Brain; Mitochondria; Energy metabolism; Neurobiology; Mania; Bipolar disorder; Lithium; Psychiatry; Stress; Mood disorder; Human; Psychotropic; Central nervous system; Antioxidant; Encephalon; Nootropic agent
• ISSN: 0304-3940; 1872-7972
• DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2007.05.016

Studies have proposed the involvement of oxidative stress and neuronal energy dysfunctions in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD). This study evaluates plasma levels of the oxidative/energy metabolism markers, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) during initial episodes of mania compared to controls in 75 subjects. Two groups of manic subjects (unmedicated n = 30, and lithium-treated n = 15) were age/gender matched with healthy controls ( n = 30). TBARS and antioxidant enzymes activity (SOD and CAT) were increased in unmedicated manic patients compared to controls. Conversely, plasma NSE levels were lower during mania than in the controls. In contrast, acute treatment with lithium showed a significant reduction in both SOD/CAT ratio and TBARS levels. These results suggest that initial manic episodes are associated with both increased oxidative stress parameters and activated antioxidant defenses, which may be related to dysfunctions on energy metabolism and neuroplasticity pathways. Antioxidant effects using lithium in mania were shown, and further studies are necessary to evaluate the potential role of these effects in the pathophysiology and therapeutics of BD.