Brain lipidomics: From functional landscape to clinical significance

Lipids are crucial components of cellular function owing to their role in membrane formation, intercellular signaling, energy storage, and homeostasis maintenance. In the brain, lipid dysregulations have been associated with the etiology and progression of neurodegeneration and other neurological pa...

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Published inScience advances Vol. 8; no. 37; p. eadc9317
Main Authors Yoon, Jong Hyuk, Seo, Youngsuk, Jo, Yeon Suk, Lee, Seulah, Cho, Eunji, Cazenave-Gassiot, Amaury, Shin, Yong-Seung, Moon, Myeong Hee, An, Hyun Joo, Wenk, Markus R., Suh, Pann-Ghill
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States American Association for the Advancement of Science 16.09.2022
Subjects
Artificial Intelligence
Brain
Brain Diseases - diagnosis
Brain Diseases - etiology
Developmental Neuroscience
Humans
Lipid Metabolism
Lipidomics
Lipids - chemistry
Network Science
Neuroscience
Review
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Summary:Lipids are crucial components of cellular function owing to their role in membrane formation, intercellular signaling, energy storage, and homeostasis maintenance. In the brain, lipid dysregulations have been associated with the etiology and progression of neurodegeneration and other neurological pathologies. Hence, brain lipids are emerging as important potential targets for the early diagnosis and prognosis of neurological diseases. This review aims to highlight the significance and usefulness of lipidomics in diagnosing and treating brain diseases. We explored lipid alterations associated with brain diseases, paying attention to organ-specific characteristics and the functions of brain lipids. As the recent advances in brain lipidomics would have been impossible without advances in analytical techniques, we provide up-to-date information on mass spectrometric approaches and integrative analysis with other omic approaches. Last, we present the potential applications of lipidomics combined with artificial intelligence techniques and interdisciplinary collaborative research for treating brain diseases with clinical heterogeneities. This review article explores lipid alterations in brain diseases and provides insight for future brain lipidomic research.
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These authors have contributed equally to this work.
ISSN:2375-2548
2375-2548
DOI:10.1126/sciadv.adc9317