Toxic metals distribution in different components of Pakistani and imported cigarettes by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometer

• Published in: Journal of hazardous materials Vol. 163; no. 1; pp. 302 - 307
• Main Authors: Kazi, T.G., Jalbani, N., Arain, M.B., Jamali, M.K., Afridi, H.I., Sarfraz, R.A., Shah, A.Q.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier B.V 15.04.2009; Elsevier
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Ash; Brand; Cigarette components; Electrons; Exact sciences and technology; Filter; Metals - analysis; Metals - toxicity; Microwaves; Nicotiana - chemistry; Pakistan; Pollution; Spectrophotometry, Atomic - methods; Temperature; Tobacco; Toxic metals; Pakistan; Brand; Tobacco; Cigarette components; Filter; Toxic metals; Ash; Microwave; Plant leaf; Toxin; Surveillance; Ash content; Lead; Filler; Smoking
• ISSN: 0304-3894; 1873-3336
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.06.088

It was extensively investigated that a significant flux of toxic metals, along with other toxins, reaches the lungs through smoking. In present study toxic metals (TMs) (Al, Cd, Ni and Pb) were determined in different components of Pakistani local branded and imported cigarettes, including filler tobacco (FT), filter (before and after normal smoking by a single volunteer) and ash by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometer (ETAAS). Microwave-assisted digestion method was employed. The validity and accuracy of methodology were checked by using certified sample of Virginia tobacco leaves (ICHTJ-cta-VTL-2). The percentages (%) of TMs in different components of cigarette were calculated with respect to their total contents in FT of all branded cigarettes before smoking, while smoke concentration has been calculated by subtracting the filter and ash contents from the filler tobacco content of each branded cigarette. The highest percentage (%) of Al was observed in ash of all cigarettes, with range 97.3–99.0%, while in the case of Cd, a reverse behaviour was observed, as a range of 15.0–31.3% of total contents were left in the ash of all branded cigarettes understudy.