Molecular Biomarkers in Peri-Implant Health and Disease: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 23; no. 17; p. 9802
• Main Authors: Chaparro, Alejandra, Beltrán, Víctor, Betancur, Daniel, Sam, Ye-Han, Moaven, Haniyeh, Tarjomani, Ali, Donos, Nikolaos, Sousa, Vanessa
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01.09.2022; MDPI
• Subjects: BAFF/BlyS; Biomarkers; BLyS protein; CCL-20/MIP-3α; Dental implants; Dental prosthetics; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Feasibility studies; IL-23; Inflammation; Inflammatory diseases; Interleukin 23; Ligands; Mucositis; Neutrophils; Osteoprotegerin; Pathogenesis; peri-implantitis; RANKL; TRANCE protein; Transplants & implants; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179802

Background: The aim of this feasibility study was to investigate the concentration level of CCL-20/MIP-3α, BAFF/BLyS, IL-23, RANKL, and Osteoprotegerin in the Peri-Implant Crevicular Fluid (PICF), from patients diagnosed with peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, and to compare them with PICF from patients with healthy implants. Methods: Participants with at least one dental implant with healthy peri-implant tissues, peri-implant mucositis, or peri-implantitis were included. PICF was collected using paper strips from healthy and diseased peri-implant sites (n = 19). Biomarker levels were analyzed using a custom Multiplex ELISA Assay Kit. Results: In comparison to peri-implant health, the peri-implant mucositis group showed an increased concentration of CCL-20 MIP-3α, BAFF/BLyS, IL-23, RANKL, and Osteoprotegerin. The peri-implantitis group had the lowest median concentration of Osteoprotegerin (1963 ng/mL); this group had a similar concentration of RANKL (640.84 ng/mL) when compared to the peri-implant health group. BAFF/BLyS (17.06 ng/mL) showed the highest concentration in the peri-implantitis group. Conclusions: This feasibility study suggests that IL-23 and RANKL may help to elucidate the pathogenesis during the conversion from peri-implant health to peri-implantitis. Further research is required in BAFF/BLyS for the early diagnosis of peri-implantitis.