Comparative Evaluation of Different Surface Coatings of Fe3O4-Based Magnetic Nano Sorbent for Applications in the Nucleic Acids Extraction

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 23; no. 16; p. 8860
• Main Authors: Szymczyk, Anna, Drozd, Marcin, Kamińska, Agnieszka, Matczuk, Magdalena, Trzaskowski, Maciej, Mazurkiewicz-Pawlicka, Marta, Ziółkowski, Robert, Malinowska, Elżbieta
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 09.08.2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Acids; Adsorption; Coatings; Comparative analysis; Composition; Deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA; DNA extraction; DNA—nanoparticle interactions; Efficiency; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acids; Fe3O4 MNPs functionalization; Graphene; Iron; Iron oxides; iron(II,III) oxide; Ligands; Magnetic fields; magnetic nanoparticles synthesis; Molecular interactions; Morphology; Nanomaterials; Nanoparticles; Nucleic acids; Performance evaluation; Polyethyleneimine; Polymers; Solid phases; Sorbents; Surface chemistry; Thymus gland
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168860

Nucleic acid extraction and purification are crucial steps in sample preparation for multiple diagnostic procedures. Routine methodologies of DNA isolation require benchtop equipment (e.g., centrifuges) and labor-intensive steps. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as solid-phase sorbents could simplify this procedure. A wide range of surface coatings employs various molecular interactions between dsDNA and magnetic nano-sorbents. However, a reliable, comparative evaluation of their performance is complex. In this work, selected Fe3O4 modifications, i.e., polyethyleneimine, gold, silica, and graphene derivatives, were comprehensively evaluated for applications in dsDNA extraction. A family of single batch nanoparticles was compared in terms of morphology (STEM), composition (ICP-MS/MS and elemental analysis), surface coating (UV-Vis, TGA, FTIR), and MNP charge (ζ-potential). ICP-MS/MS was also used to unify MNPs concentration allowing a reliable assessment of individual coatings on DNA extraction. Moreover, studies on adsorption medium (monovalent vs. divalent ions) and extraction buffer composition were carried out. As a result, essential relationships between nanoparticle coatings and DNA adsorption efficiencies have been noticed. Fe3O4@PEI MNPs turned out to be the most efficient nano sorbents. The optimized composition of the extraction buffer (medium containing 0.1 mM EDTA) helped avoid problems with Fe3+ stripping, which improved the validity of the spectroscopic determination of DNA recovery.