Protein Phosphorylation in Cancer: Role of Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway

• Published in: Biomolecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 11; no. 7; p. 1009
• Main Authors: Liu, Xinran, Zhang, Yiping, Wang, Yijie, Yang, Meiwen, Hong, Fenfang, Yang, Shulong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 10.07.2021; MDPI
• Subjects: 1-Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; Angiogenesis; Apoptosis; Breast cancer; cancer; Cell division; Cell growth; Colon cancer; Colorectal cancer; Cyclin-dependent kinases; Enzymes; Gastric cancer; Gene expression; Growth factors; Kinases; Lung cancer; MAP kinase; Metastases; Metastasis; Mutation; Neuroblastoma; Nitric oxide; Ovarian cancer; p53 Protein; Pancreatic cancer; Pathogenesis; Phosphorylation; Prostate cancer; protein phosphorylation; Proteins; Review; Signal transduction; signaling pathways; Stat3 protein; Tumors
• ISSN: 2218-273X; 2218-273X
• DOI: 10.3390/biom11071009

Nitric oxide (NO), a free radical, plays a critical role in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes. Due to its pleiotropic function, it has been widely investigated in various types of cancers and is strongly associated with cancer development. Mounting pieces of evidence show that NO regulates various cancer-related events, which mainly depends on phosphorylating the key proteins in several signaling pathways. However, phosphorylation of proteins modulated by NO signaling pathway may lead to different effects in different types of cancer, which is complex and remains unclear. Therefore, in this review, we focus on the effect of protein phosphorylation modulated by NO signaling pathway in different types of cancers including breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, colon cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, and neuroblastoma. Phosphorylation of key proteins, including p38 MAPK, ERK, PI3K, STAT3, and p53, modified by NO in various signaling pathways affects different cancer-related processes including cell apoptosis, proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and several cancer therapies. Our review links the NO signaling pathway to protein phosphorylation in cancer development and provides new insight into potential targets and cancer therapy.