Biologic Scaffolds

Biologic scaffold materials composed of allogeneic or xenogeneic extracellular matrix are commonly used for the repair and functional reconstruction of injured and missing tissues. These naturally occurring bioscaffolds are manufactured by the removal of the cellular content from source tissues whil...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inCold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine Vol. 7; no. 9; p. a025676
Main Authors Costa, Alessandra, Naranjo, Juan Diego, Londono, Ricardo, Badylak, Stephen F
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 01.09.2017
Subjects
Animals
Biocompatible Materials
Extracellular Matrix - chemistry
Humans
Macrophages - cytology
Regeneration
Regenerative Medicine
Stem Cells - cytology
Tissue Engineering
Tissue Scaffolds
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Summary:Biologic scaffold materials composed of allogeneic or xenogeneic extracellular matrix are commonly used for the repair and functional reconstruction of injured and missing tissues. These naturally occurring bioscaffolds are manufactured by the removal of the cellular content from source tissues while preserving the structural and functional molecular units of the remaining extracellular matrix (ECM). The mechanisms by which these bioscaffolds facilitate constructive remodeling and favorable clinical outcomes include release or creation of effector molecules that recruit endogenous stem/progenitor cells to the site of scaffold placement and modulation of the innate immune response, specifically the activation of an anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotype. The methods by which ECM biologic scaffolds are prepared, the current understanding of in vivo scaffold remodeling, and the associated clinical outcomes are discussed in this article.
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ISSN:2157-1422
2472-5412
DOI:10.1101/cshperspect.a025676