Studying Chromatin Epigenetics with Fluorescence Microscopy

Epigenetic modifications of histones (methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, etc.) are of great importance in determining the functional state of chromatin. Changes in epigenome underlay all basic biological processes, such as cell division, differentiation, aging, and cancerous transformation....

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Bibliographic Details
Published inInternational journal of molecular sciences Vol. 23; no. 16; p. 8988
Main Authors Stepanov, Afanasii I., Besedovskaia, Zlata V., Moshareva, Maria A., Lukyanov, Konstantin A., Putlyaeva, Lidia V.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 12.08.2022
MDPI
Subjects
Acetylation
Aging
Antibodies
Biological activity
Cell differentiation
Cell division
Chromatin
DNA methylation
DNA probes
Embryos
Enzymes
Epigenetics
Fluorescence microscopy
Fluorescent indicators
fluorescent proteins
Gene expression
genetically encoded probes
Genomes
High-throughput screening
histone modification
Histones
Immunoprecipitation
Methods
Methylation
Microscopy
Next-generation sequencing
Phosphorylation
Post-translation
Proteins
Review
RNA polymerase
Spatial data
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Summary:Epigenetic modifications of histones (methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, etc.) are of great importance in determining the functional state of chromatin. Changes in epigenome underlay all basic biological processes, such as cell division, differentiation, aging, and cancerous transformation. Post-translational histone modifications are mainly studied by immunoprecipitation with high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-Seq). It enables an accurate profiling of target modifications along the genome, but suffers from the high cost of analysis and the inability to work with living cells. Fluorescence microscopy represents an attractive complementary approach to characterize epigenetics. It can be applied to both live and fixed cells, easily compatible with high-throughput screening, and provide access to rich spatial information down to the single cell level. In this review, we discuss various fluorescent probes for histone modification detection. Various types of live-cell imaging epigenetic sensors suitable for conventional as well as super-resolution fluorescence microscopy are described. We also focus on problems and future perspectives in the development of fluorescent probes for epigenetics.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-2
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ObjectType-Review-1
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms23168988