Differential expression of CCR2 and CX3CR1 on CD16+ monocyte subsets is associated with asthma severity

• Published in: Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology Vol. 15; no. 1; p. 64
• Main Authors: Al-Rashoudi, Reem, Moir, Gillian, Al-Hajjaj, Mohamed S, Al-Alwan, Monther M, Wilson, Heather M, Crane, Isabel J
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London BioMed Central Ltd 04.11.2019; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Analysis; Asthma; Biomarker; CD14; Chemokine receptor; Flow cytometry; Fluorescence; Saudi Arabia; Saudi Arabia
• ISSN: 1710-1492; 1710-1484; 1710-1492
• DOI: 10.1186/s13223-019-0379-5

Background Monocytes play an important role in immune and inflammatory diseases and monocyte subsets are predictors of disease in certain conditions. Expression of the chemokine receptors, CCR2 and CX.sub.3CR1 on monocyte subsets relates to their function and can be used in their characterization. Our objective was to determine whether CD14, CD16, CCR2 and CX.sub.3CR1 on monocyte subsets are potential indicators of asthma severity. Methods Blood samples were collected from Saudi Arabian patients with asthma and normal healthy individuals. Six-color flow-cytometry phenotypic analysis was used to identify human blood monocyte subsets, based on their expression of CD14 and CD16 following CD45 gating. Expression of CCR2 and CX.sub.3CR1 was analysed on classical (CD14.sup.++CD16.sup.-), intermediate (CD14.sup.++CD16.sup.+) and non-classical (CD14.sup.+CD16.sup.++) subsets and correlated with disease severity. Results We demonstrated a significant increase in percentage of total CD45-positive monocytes in the blood of patients with severe asthma, but the proportion of the individual monocyte subsets was not significantly changed when patients with mild, moderate and severe asthma were compared with healthy individuals. CD16 expression (mean fluorescence intensity, MFI) was decreased on intermediate and non-classical subsets in patients with severe asthma compared to healthy controls. CX.sub.3CR1 expression was also lower, with a lower percentage of cells expressing CX.sub.3CR1 in the non-classical CD14.sup.+CD16.sup.++ subset in all patients with asthma and this was inversely related to the percentage of cells expressing CCR2. Conclusions CCR2 expression on monocytes indicated a tendency toward more phagocytic monocytes in patients with asthma. The differential expression of CD16, CX.sub.3CR1 and CCR2 on monocyte subsets in peripheral blood indicates modulation of the inflammatory response and suggests a role for monocytes in asthma pathogenesis. Keywords: Saudi Arabia, Chemokine receptor, Flow cytometry, CD14, Biomarker