The Cerrado into-pieces: Habitat fragmentation as a function of landscape use in the savannas of central Brazil

• Published in: Biological conservation Vol. 142; no. 7; pp. 1392 - 1403
• Main Authors: Carvalho, Fábio M.V., De Marco, Paulo, Ferreira, Laerte G.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01.07.2009; Kidlington, Oxford: Elsevier Science Ltd; Elsevier
• Subjects: Animal, plant and microbial ecology; anthropogenic activities; Applied ecology; biodiversity; Biodiversity conservation; Biological and medical sciences; Chrysocyon brachyurus; Conservation, protection and management of environment and wildlife; crop production; ecosystem services; Fragmentation indices; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; General aspects; habitat fragmentation; human-wildlife relations; land use change; Land-use patterns; Landscape structure; Leopardus; Leopardus colocolo; mammals; Myrmecophaga tridactyla; natural resource management; Panthera; Panthera onca; Parks, reserves, wildlife conservation. Endangered species: population survey and restocking; pastures; Priodontes maximus; savannas; Speothos venaticus; threatened species; wildlife management; Brazil; South America; America; Brazil, Goias; Land-use patterns; Biodiversity conservation; Landscape structure; Fragmentation indices; Landscape; Savannah; Tropical zone; Conservation; Biodiversity; Land use; Fragmentation; Biome; Habitat; Cerrado; Environmental protection
• ISSN: 0006-3207; 1873-2917
• DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2009.01.031

Habitat fragmentation and land conversion by humans for agricultural purposes are constant threats to conservation of biodiversity in the Cerrado biome. These landscapes dominated by agricultural activities became dynamic mosaics, which are formed by different land uses. Thus, understanding how the properties of these mosaics affect species’ persistence is one urgent necessity. In this study, the landscape structure of the Cerrado in Goiás State, Central Brazil, was quantified by the use of fragmentation indices, analysed at the class level. The objective of this study was to assess if land use for crop production or for pasture produces different fragmentation patterns, which can result in different pressures for the Cerrado biodiversity. The study showed that landscapes dominated by crops are more fragmented than landscapes dominated by pastures. These crop-dominated landscapes also presented a smaller number of fragments that could maintain populations of threatened mammal species in Cerrado. Regions with more preserved natural areas are in the northeast of Goiás, where there are rough relief and soil unsuitable for agriculture. Our results indicate that croplands generate a landscape structure more damaging for the conservation of biodiversity in the Cerrado biome. Otherwise, they support the importance to preserve natural remnants, even in areas occupied by agriculture, mainly due to its potential to maintain ecosystem services, and suggest that landscapes dominated by pastures should have more current value for conservation, since they showed larger fragments.