In Vivo Cytokine and Neuroendocrine Responses to Endotoxin in Human Immunodeficiency Virus—Infected Subjects

• Published in: The Journal of infectious diseases Vol. 180; no. 1; pp. 106 - 115
• Main Authors: da Silva, Barbara, Singer, William, Fong, Ignatius W., Ottaway, Clifford A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chicago, IL The University of Chicago Press 01.07.1999; University of Chicago Press; Oxford University Press
• Subjects: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone - blood; Adult; Biological and medical sciences; Cytokines; Cytokines - blood; Endotoxins; Female; HIV; HIV infections; HIV Infections - blood; Human immunodeficiency virus 1; Human viral diseases; Humans; Hydrocortisone - blood; Infectious diseases; Interleukins; Interleukins - analysis; Lipopolysaccharides - pharmacology; Major Articles; Male; Medical sciences; Models, Biological; Neurosecretory Systems - drug effects; Norepinephrine; Norepinephrine - blood; Receptors; Tumor necrosis factor receptors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - analysis; Tumor necrosis factors; Viral diseases; Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids; Viruses; Human; Immunopathology; Immune response; Interleukin; Cytokine; Retroviridae; AIDS; Cellular immunity; Endotoxin; Immune deficiency; Lentivirus; Host virus relation; Infection; Virus; Hypothalamic hormone; Pituitary hormone; Experimental disease; Viral disease; Adrenal hormone; Lipopolysaccharide; Human immunodeficiency virus; Endotoxemia; Tumor necrosis factor α; Quantitative analysis
• ISSN: 0022-1899; 1537-6613
• DOI: 10.1086/314819

The cytokine and neuroendocrine host responses to experimental challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were studied in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)—infected subjects and uninfected control subjects. Elevations in circulating concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)—α, interleukin (IL)—6, and IL-8 were significantly greater in HIV-infected subjects than control subjects after LPS challenge. All subjects showed a significant increase in circulating concentrations of adrenocorticotropin, cortisol, and norepinephrine after LPS challenge, but there was not a significant difference between the responses of these hormones in the HIV-infected and -uninfected subjects. Compared with the control subjects, the HIV-infected subjects had a significantly reduced IL-10 response and a reduced IL-1 receptor antagonist response. It is concluded that the TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 cytokine responses to LPS in vivo are disrupted in HIV subjects but that this is not related to disruption of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis.