The Linac Coherent Light Source: Recent Developments and Future Plans

• Published in: Applied sciences Vol. 7; no. 8; p. 850
• Main Authors: Schoenlein, R., Boutet, S., Minitti, M., Dunne, A.M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 18.08.2017; MDPI
• Subjects: Atomic structure; Coherence; Coherent light; Condensed matter physics; Free electron lasers; Lasers; Light sources; Linear accelerators; OTHER INSTRUMENTATION; Physics; Repetition; Science; ultrafast; X ray sources; X-ray; X-ray free-electron laser; X-rays; XFEL
• ISSN: 2076-3417; 2076-3417
• DOI: 10.3390/app7080850

The development of X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) has launched a new era in X-ray science by providing ultrafast coherent X-ray pulses with a peak brightness that is approximately one billion times higher than previous X-ray sources. The Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) facility at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, the world’s first hard X-ray FEL, has already demonstrated a tremendous scientific impact across broad areas of science. Here, a few of the more recent representative highlights from LCLS are presented in the areas of atomic, molecular, and optical science; chemistry; condensed matter physics; matter in extreme conditions; and biology. This paper also outlines the near term upgrade (LCLS-II) and motivating science opportunities for ultrafast X-rays in the 0.25–5 keV range at repetition rates up to 1 MHz. Future plans to extend the X-ray energy reach to beyond 13 keV (<1 Å) at high repetition rate (LCLS-II-HE) are envisioned, motivated by compelling new science of structural dynamics at the atomic scale.