Leishmaniasis in Turkey

• Published in: Acta tropica Vol. 84; no. 1; pp. 43 - 48
• Main Authors: Ok, U Z, Balciolu, C, Ozkan, A Taylan, Ozensoy, S, Ozbel, Y
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 01.10.2002; Elsevier
• Subjects: Animals; Biological and medical sciences; Cutaneous; Disease Reservoirs; Dogs; Endemic Diseases - statistics & numerical data; Epidemiology; Human protozoal diseases; Humans; Infectious diseases; Insect Vectors; Leishmania infantum; Leishmania tropica; Leishmaniasis; Leishmaniasis - epidemiology; Leishmaniasis - transmission; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - epidemiology; Leshmaniasis; Medical sciences; Parasitic diseases; Phlebotomus; Prevalence; Protozoal diseases; Tropical medicine; Turkey; Turkey - epidemiology; Visceral; Asia; Turkey; Visceral; Turkey; Leishmaniasis; Epidemiology; Cutaneous; Kinetoplastida; Human; Protozoa; Skin disease; Protozoal disease; Leishmania infantum; Kala azar; Reservoir; Parasitosis; Infection; Leishmania tropica; Skin; Vector
• ISSN: 0001-706X; 1873-6254
• DOI: 10.1016/S0001-706X(02)00134-1

Leishmaniases are widespread in most countries in the Mediterranean basin, including Turkey. Two forms are observed in Turkey; Leishmania infantum is responsible from visceral leishmaniasis (VL), and L. tropica causes cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Phlebotomus sergenti, P. papatasi, P. major and P. syriacus are considered to be the probable vectors, and dogs are the main reservoir of L. infantum, while P. sergenti is the main suspected vector of L. tropica. VL is sporadically seen mainly in the Aegean, Mediterranean, and Central Anatolia Regions, but CL is endemic, especially in the Southeastern and Mediterranean Regions. Major touristic sites are free of both infections, and no infection is reported in any tourist. Mean number of annual VL and CL cases reported to Ministry of Health are 40 and 1,204, respectively, in the last four years. These data suggest that both VL and CL represent a public health problem in Turkey, but a decline is observed in the number of cases with both infections in recent years.