An Adaptive Two-Dimensional Voxel Terrain Mapping Method for Structured Environment

• Published in: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 23; no. 23; p. 9523
• Main Authors: Zhou, Hang, Ping, Peng, Shi, Quan, Chen, Hailong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 30.11.2023
• Subjects: Accuracy; adaptive voxel; Algorithms; Analysis; Cameras; Coordinate transformations; foot robot; Mapping; Methods; Motion control; Parameter estimation; plane extraction; Planning; preemptive RANSAC; Robotics industry; Robots; Sensors; terrain mapping; Topography; adaptive voxel; foot robot; terrain mapping; plane extraction; preemptive RANSAC
• ISSN: 1424-8220; 1424-8220
• DOI: 10.3390/s23239523

Accurate terrain mapping information is very important for foot landing planning and motion control in foot robots. Therefore, a terrain mapping method suitable for an indoor structured environment is proposed in this paper. Firstly, by constructing a terrain mapping framework and adding the estimation of the robot's pose, the algorithm converts the distance sensor measurement results into terrain height information and maps them into the voxel grid, and effectively reducing the influence of pose uncertainty in a robot system. Secondly, the height information mapped into the voxel grid is downsampled to reduce information redundancy. Finally, a preemptive random sample consistency (preemptive RANSAC) algorithm is used to divide the plane from the height information of the environment and merge the voxel grid in the extracted plane to realize the adaptive resolution 2D voxel terrain mapping (ARVTM) in the structured environment. Experiments show that the proposed mapping algorithm reduces the error of terrain mapping by 62.7% and increases the speed of terrain mapping by 25.1%. The algorithm can effectively identify and extract plane features in a structured environment, reducing the complexity of terrain mapping information, and improving the speed of terrain mapping.