Systematic Review of Hepatitis E Virus in Brazil: A One-Health Approach of the Human-Animal-Environment Triad

Brazil is the fifth largest country in the world with diverse socioeconomic and sanitary conditions, also being the fourth largest pig producer in the world. The aim of the present systematic review was to collect and summarize all HEV published data from Brazil (from 1995 to October 2020) performed...

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Published inAnimals (Basel) Vol. 11; no. 8; p. 2290
Main Authors Moraes, Danny Franciele da Silva Dias, Mesquita, João R., Dutra, Valéria, Nascimento, Maria São José
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 03.08.2021
MDPI
Subjects
Animal human relations
Animals
Brazil
Camels
Epidemics
Epidemiology
Flooding
Genotypes
Hepatitis
HEV
Hogs
Infections
Investigations
Meat
One Health
Pork
Review
Reviews
Sanitation
Serology
Surveillance systems
Swine
Systematic review
Transplants & implants
Viruses
Waterborne diseases
Zoonoses
zoonotic
Brazil
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Summary:Brazil is the fifth largest country in the world with diverse socioeconomic and sanitary conditions, also being the fourth largest pig producer in the world. The aim of the present systematic review was to collect and summarize all HEV published data from Brazil (from 1995 to October 2020) performed in humans, animals, and the environment, in a One Health perspective. A total of 2173 papers were retrieved from five search databases (LILACs, Mendeley, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) resulting in 71 eligible papers after application of exclusion/inclusion criteria. Data shows that HEV genotype 3 (HEV-3) was the only retrieved genotype in humans, animals, and environment in Brazil. The South region showed the highest human seroprevalence and also the highest pig density and industry, suggesting a zoonotic link. HEV-1 and 2 were not detected in Brazil, despite the low sanitary conditions of some regions. From the present review we infer that HEV epidemiology in Brazil is similar to that of industrialized countries (only HEV-3, swine reservoirs, no waterborne transmission, no association with low sanitary conditions). Hence, we alert for the implementation of HEV surveillance systems in swine and for the consideration of HEV in the diagnostic routine of acute and chronic hepatitis in humans.
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ISSN:2076-2615
2076-2615
DOI:10.3390/ani11082290