Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to antituberculosis drugs in Mozambique

• Published in: Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia Vol. 40; no. 2; pp. 142 - 147
• Main Authors: Pires, Germano Manuel, Folgosa, Elena, Nquobile, Ndlovu, Gitta, Sheba, Cadir, Nureisha
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Brazil Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia 01.04.2014
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Antitubercular Agents - therapeutic use; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Mozambique - epidemiology; Mycobacterium tuberculosis - drug effects; Mycobacterium tuberculosis - isolation & purification; Original; RESPIRATORY SYSTEM; Sex Factors; Tuberculose; Tuberculose extensivamente resistente a drogas; Tuberculose resistente a múltiplos medicamentos; Tuberculosis - drug therapy; Tuberculosis - epidemiology; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant - drug therapy; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant - epidemiology; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant - microbiology; Young Adult; Mozambique; Tuberculosis, multidrug-resistant; Tuberculose extensivamente resistente a drogas; Tuberculosis; Tuberculose; Tuberculose resistente a múltiplos medicamentos; Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis
• ISSN: 1806-3713; 1806-3756; 1806-3756; 1806-3713
• DOI: 10.1590/S1806-37132014000200007

To determine the drug resistance profile of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Mozambique. We analyzed secondary data from the National Tuberculosis Referral Laboratory, in the city of Maputo, Mozambique, and from the Beira Regional Tuberculosis Referral Laboratory, in the city of Beira, Mozambique. The data were based on culture-positive samples submitted to first-line drug susceptibility testing (DST) between January and December of 2011. We attempted to determine whether the frequency of DST positivity was associated with patient type or provenance. During the study period, 641 strains were isolated in culture and submitted to DST. We found that 374 (58.3%) were resistant to at least one antituberculosis drug and 280 (43.7%) were resistant to multiple antituberculosis drugs. Of the 280 multidrug-resistant tuberculosis cases, 184 (65.7%) were in previously treated patients, most of whom were from southern Mozambique. Two (0.71%) of the cases of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis were confirmed to be cases of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis was most common in males, particularly those in the 21-40 year age bracket. M. tuberculosis resistance to antituberculosis drugs is high in Mozambique, especially in previously treated patients. The frequency of M. tuberculosis strains that were resistant to isoniazid, rifampin, and streptomycin in combination was found to be high, particularly in samples from previously treated patients.