The inventory for depressive symptomatology (IDS): Preliminary findings

• Published in: Psychiatry research Vol. 18; no. 1; pp. 65 - 87
• Main Authors: John Rush, A., Giles, Donna E., Schlesser, Michael A., Fulton, Carl L., Weissenburger, Jan, Burns, Cheryl
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Shannon Elsevier Ireland Ltd 01.05.1986; Elsevier
• Subjects: Adult; Adult and adolescent clinical studies; affective disorder; Biological and medical sciences; Bipolar Disorder - diagnosis; Depression; Depressive Disorder - diagnosis; Factor Analysis, Statistical; Female; Humans; Male; Medical sciences; Mood disorders; Personality Inventory; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychopathology. Psychiatry; ratings; Symptoms; depression; affective disorder; ratings; Symptoms; Human; Clinical test; Mood disorder; Test validation; Discriminant analysis; Factor analysis; Evaluation scale; Depression; Psychometrics; Anxiety; Cognition; Alimentary behavior disturbance
• ISSN: 0165-1781; 1872-7123
• DOI: 10.1016/0165-1781(86)90060-0

The Inventory for Depressive Symptomatology (IDS) is a new measure of depressive signs and symptoms. Both self-report and clinician-rated versions are under development. The IDS-SR (self-report) was completed by 289 patients, 285 of whom were outpatients. Unipolar major depression ( n = 174), bipolar disorder ( n = 44), euthymic (S / P unipolar or bipolar) depression ( n = 33), and other psychiatric disorders ( n = 38) were included. The IDS-SR had good internal reliability (coefficient α = 0.85), and significantly correlated with both the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) ( r = 0.67) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) ( r = 0.78). The clinician-rated IDS (IDS-C) was administered to 82 outpatients (75 with unipolar or bipolar disorder, 5 with other psychiatric disorders, and 2 euthymic (S / P unipolar) depressions). Coefficient α (0.88) suggested strong internal consistency. The IDS-C correlated highly with both the HRSD ( r = 0.92) and the BDI ( r = 0.61). Discriminant and factor analyses provided evidence for construct validity for both the IDS-C and IDS-SR. Both scales significantly differentiated endogenous from nonendogenous depression defined by Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC). Factor structures for the IDS-SR revealed four factors: mood/cognition, anxiety, selected endogenous symptoms, and hyperphagia-hypersomnia. The IDS appears applicable to both inpatients and outpatients with endogenous, atypical, and nonendogenous major depression, and may have utility with dysthymics.