The effect of essential oils of sweet fennel and pignut on mortality and learning in africanized honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

It was recently discovered that exposure to small concentrations of the essential oils of sweet fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) or pignut [Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit] can be used to control aphids. What is not known is whether these oils also influence honeybee behavior. Experiments using both har...

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Published inNeotropical entomology Vol. 36; no. 6; pp. 828 - 835
Main Authors Abramson, Charles I.(Oklahoma State University Depts. of Psychology and Zoology Lab. Comparative Psychology and Behavioral Biology), Wanderley, Paulo A.(Univ. Federal da Paraiba Depto Agricultura), Wanderley, Maria J.A.(Univ. Federal da Paraiba Depto Agricultura), Silva, José C.R.(Univ. Federal da Paraiba Depto Agricultura), Michaluk, Lynnette M.(Oklahoma State University Depts. of Psychology and Zoology Lab. Comparative Psychology and Behavioral Biology)
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Netherlands Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil 01.11.2007
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Summary:It was recently discovered that exposure to small concentrations of the essential oils of sweet fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) or pignut [Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit] can be used to control aphids. What is not known is whether these oils also influence honeybee behavior. Experiments using both harnessed and free-flying foragers at concentrations used to control aphids showed that bees readily associated the odors with a reward, discriminated between them, and were not repelled. Honeybees, however, would not consume the oils when mixed with sucrose to create an unconditioned stimulus. An experiment in which harnessed bees consumed various concentrations showed that concentrations greater than 50% were detrimental. The experiments reported here provide further evidence supporting the use of conditioning techniques to evaluate the use of essential oils on honey bee behavior. Recentemente foi descoberto que pequenas concentrações de óleos essenciais de erva-doce (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) ou alfazema [Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit] podem ser usadas para controlar pulgões. O que não se sabe é se esses óleos também podem influenciar o comportamento de abelhas melíferas. Experimentos utilizando abelhas encapsuladas ou livres, em diferentes concentrações usadas para controlar pulgões, mostraram que as abelhas rapidamente associaram o odor a um estímulo aprendendo a discriminá-lo, e não foram repelidas pelo mesmo. No entanto, as abelhas melíferas não consumiriam os óleos quando misturados à sacarose para criar um estímulo incondicional. Em um experimento, em que abelhas encapsuladas foram submetidas a várias concentrações dos óleos essenciais, concentrações maiores que 50% foram prejudiciais às abelhas. Os experimentos relatados aqui reforçam a validade do uso de técnicas de condicionamento para avaliar a ação de óleos essenciais no comportamento das abelhas melíferas.
Bibliography:10.1590/S1519-566X2007000600002
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-566X2007000600002
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ISSN:1519-566X
1678-8052
1678-8052
DOI:10.1590/S1519-566X2007000600002