Albuminuria among Alaska Natives - Findings from the Genetics of Coronary Artery Disease in Alaska Natives (GOCADAN) Study

• Published in: Nephron Vol. 115; no. 2; pp. c107 - c113
• Main Authors: JOLLY, Stacey E, NOONAN, Carolyn J, ROUBIDEAUX, Yvette D, GOLDBERG, Jack H, EBBESSON, Sven O. E, UMANS, Jason G, HOWARD, Barbara V
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel Karger 01.01.2010; S. Karger AG
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alaska - ethnology; Albuminuria - complications; Albuminuria - ethnology; Albuminuria - genetics; Biological and medical sciences; Cardiology. Vascular system; Coronary Artery Disease - complications; Coronary Artery Disease - ethnology; Coronary Artery Disease - genetics; Coronary heart disease; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes Mellitus - ethnology; Diabetes Mellitus - genetics; Female; Heart; Humans; Hypertension - complications; Hypertension - ethnology; Hypertension - genetics; Indians, North American - ethnology; Indians, North American - genetics; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Nephrology. Urinary tract diseases; Original Paper; Risk Factors; Urinary system involvement in other diseases. Miscellaneous; Urinary tract. Prostate gland; Young Adult; Alaska; Amerindian; Kidney disease; Nephrology; Urinary system disease; Alaska Natives; Cardiovascular disease; Albuminuria; Coronary heart disease; Epidemiology; Urology; Genetic disease; Nephropathy; Risk factor; Proteinuria
• ISSN: 1660-8151; 2235-3186; 1660-2110
• DOI: 10.1159/000312873

The prevalence and associated risk factors for albuminuria and low-grade albuminuria in Alaska Natives is not known. Cross-sectional analysis of the Genetics of Coronary Artery Disease in Alaska Natives Study. We included 1,026 individuals, who represent 85% of the study participants for whom complete data were available. Risk factors examined were age, sex, education, diabetes, hypertension, obesity, lipids, C-reactive protein, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor use, and smoking status. Urine albumin excretion was estimated by the albumin/creatinine ratio measured from a single random morning urine sample. Albuminuria was defined as an albumin/creatinine ratio of > or =30 mg/g. Low-grade albuminuria was defined as an albumin/creatinine ratio of 10 to <30 mg/g. The mean age was 42 years and over half were female. Diabetes prevalence was low at 3% and the prevalence of hypertension was 20%. The prevalence of albuminuria was 6%; the prevalence of low-grade albuminuria was 12%. Individuals with diabetes or hypertension were 3 times more likely to have albuminuria than those without these conditions [odd ratios: diabetes 3.0 (1.2-7.9) and hypertension 3.0 (1.2-7.3)]. The burden of albuminuria is low. Comprehensive programs and policies are important given the rise in diabetes and hypertension among Alaska Natives.