Evaluation of Strength and Muscle Activation Indicators in Sticking Point Region of National-Level Paralympic Powerlifting Athletes
Background: The sticking region is considered an intervening factor in the performance of the bench press with high loads. Objective: To evaluate the strength indicators in the sticking point region in Powerlifting Paralympic athletes. Methods: Twelve Brazilian Powerlifting Paralympic athletes perfo...
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Published in | Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology Vol. 6; no. 2; p. 43 |
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Abstract | Background: The sticking region is considered an intervening factor in the performance of the bench press with high loads. Objective: To evaluate the strength indicators in the sticking point region in Powerlifting Paralympic athletes. Methods: Twelve Brazilian Powerlifting Paralympic athletes performed maximum isometric force (MIF), rate of force development (RFD), time at MIF, velocity, dynamic time in sticking, and surface electromyography in several distances from the bar to the chest. Results: For velocity, there was a difference between the pre-sticking and sticking region (1.98 ± 0.32 and 1.30 ± 0.43, p = 0.039) and dynamic time between the pre-sticking and the sticking region (0.40 ± 0.16 and 0.97 ± 0.37, p = 00.021). In static test for the MIF, differences were found between 5.0 cm and 15.0 cm (CI 95% 784; 1088; p = 0.010) and between 10.0 cm and 5.0 cm (CI 95% 527; 768; p < 0.001). Regarding the RFD, differences were found (CI 95% 938; 1240; p = 0.004) between 5.0 cm and 25.0 cm and between 10.0 cm and 25.0 cm (CI 95% 513; 732; p < 0.001). In relation to time, there were differences between 5.0 cm and 15.0 cm (CI 95% 0.330; 0.515; p < 0.001), 5.0 cm, and 25.0 cm (CI 95% 0.928; 1.345; p = 0.001), 10.0 cm and 15.0 cm (p < 0.05) and 15.0 cm and 25.0 cm (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between the muscles in electromyography, although the triceps showed the highest muscle activation values. Conclusions: The maximum isometric force, rate of force development, time, velocity, and dynamic time had lower values, especially in the initial and intermediate phases in the sticking region. |
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AbstractList | BACKGROUNDThe sticking region is considered an intervening factor in the performance of the bench press with high loads. OBJECTIVETo evaluate the strength indicators in the sticking point region in Powerlifting Paralympic athletes. METHODSTwelve Brazilian Powerlifting Paralympic athletes performed maximum isometric force (MIF), rate of force development (RFD), time at MIF, velocity, dynamic time in sticking, and surface electromyography in several distances from the bar to the chest. RESULTSFor velocity, there was a difference between the pre-sticking and sticking region (1.98 ± 0.32 and 1.30 ± 0.43, p = 0.039) and dynamic time between the pre-sticking and the sticking region (0.40 ± 0.16 and 0.97 ± 0.37, p = 00.021). In static test for the MIF, differences were found between 5.0 cm and 15.0 cm (CI 95% 784; 1088; p = 0.010) and between 10.0 cm and 5.0 cm (CI 95% 527; 768; p < 0.001). Regarding the RFD, differences were found (CI 95% 938; 1240; p = 0.004) between 5.0 cm and 25.0 cm and between 10.0 cm and 25.0 cm (CI 95% 513; 732; p < 0.001). In relation to time, there were differences between 5.0 cm and 15.0 cm (CI 95% 0.330; 0.515; p < 0.001), 5.0 cm, and 25.0 cm (CI 95% 0.928; 1.345; p = 0.001), 10.0 cm and 15.0 cm (p < 0.05) and 15.0 cm and 25.0 cm (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between the muscles in electromyography, although the triceps showed the highest muscle activation values. CONCLUSIONSThe maximum isometric force, rate of force development, time, velocity, and dynamic time had lower values, especially in the initial and intermediate phases in the sticking region. Background: The sticking region is considered an intervening factor in the performance of the bench press with high loads. Objective: To evaluate the strength indicators in the sticking point region in Powerlifting Paralympic athletes. Methods: Twelve Brazilian Powerlifting Paralympic athletes performed maximum isometric force (MIF), rate of force development (RFD), time at MIF, velocity, dynamic time in sticking, and surface electromyography in several distances from the bar to the chest. Results: For velocity, there was a difference between the pre-sticking and sticking region (1.98 ± 0.32 and 1.30 ± 0.43, p = 0.039) and dynamic time between the pre-sticking and the sticking region (0.40 ± 0.16 and 0.97 ± 0.37, p = 00.021). In static test for the MIF, differences were found between 5.0 cm and 15.0 cm (CI 95% 784; 1088; p = 0.010) and between 10.0 cm and 5.0 cm (CI 95% 527; 768; p < 0.001). Regarding the RFD, differences were found (CI 95% 938; 1240; p = 0.004) between 5.0 cm and 25.0 cm and between 10.0 cm and 25.0 cm (CI 95% 513; 732; p < 0.001). In relation to time, there were differences between 5.0 cm and 15.0 cm (CI 95% 0.330; 0.515; p < 0.001), 5.0 cm, and 25.0 cm (CI 95% 0.928; 1.345; p = 0.001), 10.0 cm and 15.0 cm (p < 0.05) and 15.0 cm and 25.0 cm (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between the muscles in electromyography, although the triceps showed the highest muscle activation values. Conclusions: The maximum isometric force, rate of force development, time, velocity, and dynamic time had lower values, especially in the initial and intermediate phases in the sticking region. Background: The sticking region is considered an intervening factor in the performance of the bench press with high loads. Objective: To evaluate the strength indicators in the sticking point region in Powerlifting Paralympic athletes. Methods: Twelve Brazilian Powerlifting Paralympic athletes performed maximum isometric force (MIF), rate of force development (RFD), time at MIF, velocity, dynamic time in sticking, and surface electromyography in several distances from the bar to the chest. Results: For velocity, there was a difference between the pre-sticking and sticking region (1.98 ± 0.32 and 1.30 ± 0.43, p = 0.039) and dynamic time between the pre-sticking and the sticking region (0.40 ± 0.16 and 0.97 ± 0.37, p = 00.021). In static test for the MIF, differences were found between 5.0 cm and 15.0 cm (CI 95% 784; 1088; p = 0.010) and between 10.0 cm and 5.0 cm (CI 95% 527; 768; p < 0.001). Regarding the RFD, differences were found (CI 95% 938; 1240; p = 0.004) between 5.0 cm and 25.0 cm and between 10.0 cm and 25.0 cm (CI 95% 513; 732; p < 0.001). In relation to time, there were differences between 5.0 cm and 15.0 cm (CI 95% 0.330; 0.515; p < 0.001), 5.0 cm, and 25.0 cm (CI 95% 0.928; 1.345; p = 0.001), 10.0 cm and 15.0 cm ( p < 0.05) and 15.0 cm and 25.0 cm ( p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between the muscles in electromyography, although the triceps showed the highest muscle activation values. Conclusions: The maximum isometric force, rate of force development, time, velocity, and dynamic time had lower values, especially in the initial and intermediate phases in the sticking region. |
Author | Matos, Dihogo Gama de Knechtle, Beat Clemente, Filipe Manuel Moreira, Osvaldo Costa Cabral, Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinoco dos Santos, Jymmys Lopes Jeffreys, Ian Rosemann, Thomas Garrido, Nuno Domingos Reis, Victor Machado Neto, Frederico Ribeiro Aidar, Felipe J. Vilaça-Alves, José de Souza, Raphael Fabrício Marçal, Anderson Carlos Almeida-Neto, Paulo Francisco de |
AuthorAffiliation | 1 Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Sergipe, Brazil; fjaidar@gmail.com (F.J.A.); raphaelctba20@hotmail.com (R.F.d.S.) 9 Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; paulo220911@hotmail.com (P.F.d.A.-N.); victormachadoreis@gmail.com (V.M.R.) 6 Instituto de Telecomunicações, Delegação da Covilhã, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal 4 Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Sergipe, Brazil; acmarcal@yahoo.com.br 10 Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Trás os Montes and Alto Douro University, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; josevilaca@utad.pt (J.V.-A.); ndgarrido@gmail.com (N.D.G.) 13 Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; thomas.rosemann@usz.ch 2 Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and Paralympic Sport |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 2 Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and Paralympic Sports-GEPEPS, The Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Sergipe, Brazil; jymmyslopes@yahoo.com.br – name: 5 Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal; filipe.clemente5@gmail.com – name: 3 Graduate Program of Physiological Science, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Sergipe, Brazil; dihogogmc@hotmail.com – name: 10 Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Trás os Montes and Alto Douro University, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; josevilaca@utad.pt (J.V.-A.); ndgarrido@gmail.com (N.D.G.) – name: 1 Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Sergipe, Brazil; fjaidar@gmail.com (F.J.A.); raphaelctba20@hotmail.com (R.F.d.S.) – name: 14 Medbase St. Gallen Am Vadianplatz, 9001 St. Gallen, Switzerland – name: 4 Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Sergipe, Brazil; acmarcal@yahoo.com.br – name: 7 Cardiovascular & Physiology of Exercise Laboratory, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada – name: 12 Paralympic Sports Program, SARAH Rehabilitation Hospital Network, Brasilia 71535-005, Distrito Federal, Brazil; fredribeironeto@sarah.br – name: 9 Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; paulo220911@hotmail.com (P.F.d.A.-N.); victormachadoreis@gmail.com (V.M.R.) – name: 13 Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; thomas.rosemann@usz.ch – name: 6 Instituto de Telecomunicações, Delegação da Covilhã, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal – name: 8 Campus of Florestal, University Federal of Viçosa (UFV), Florestal 36570-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil; ocostamoreira@gmail.com (O.C.M.); brenotcabral@gmail.com (B.G.d.A.T.C.) – name: 11 Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, Wales CF37 5UP, UK; ian.jeffreys@allproperformance.co.uk |
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Snippet | Background: The sticking region is considered an intervening factor in the performance of the bench press with high loads. Objective: To evaluate the strength... BACKGROUNDThe sticking region is considered an intervening factor in the performance of the bench press with high loads. OBJECTIVETo evaluate the strength... |
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SubjectTerms | Athletes Hypotheses Investigations Load Muscle function Paralympic Games Powerlifting Paralympic sticking point strength indicators Warm up (exercise) |
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Title | Evaluation of Strength and Muscle Activation Indicators in Sticking Point Region of National-Level Paralympic Powerlifting Athletes |
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