Soil emissions of nitric oxide and nitrous oxide from injected anhydrous ammonium and urea

• Published in: Journal of environmental quality Vol. 25; no. 6; pp. 1378 - 1384
• Main Authors: Thornton, F.C. (TVA, Environ. Res. Center, Muscle Shoals, AL.), Bock, B.R, Tyler, D.D
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Madison, WI American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America 01.11.1996; Crop Science Society of America; American Society of Agronomy
• Subjects: ABONOS NITROGENADOS; Applied sciences; Atmospheric pollution; CAMBIO CLIMATICO; CHANGEMENT CLIMATIQUE; Dispersed sources and other; ENGRAIS AZOTE; Exact sciences and technology; INJECTION DU SOL; INYECCION EN EL SUELO; LOESS; PERDIDAS; PERTE; Pollution; Pollution sources. Measurement results; SOL DE LOESS; Nitric oxide; Cultivated soil; Emission content; Air pollution; Agriculture; Nitrogen protoxide; Pollutant emission
• ISSN: 0047-2425; 1537-2537
• DOI: 10.2134/jeq1996.00472425002500060030x

This study characterizes soil emissions of NO and N2O from banded applications of anhydrous ammonium (AA) and urea over the period from 6 May 1994 to 12 Sept. 1994 from a loess soil in western Tennessee. The N application rate for both sources was 168 kg ha-1. Fertilizer type strongly influenced emissions of N2O (F = 231; P = 0.0001) and NO (F = 69; P = 0.0001). During the 129 d measurement period, the AA treatment lost 12.33 kg of N2O-N or 7.33% of the applied N. The N2O-N loss from the urea treatment was about one-half that from AA; 6.34 kg ha-1 or 3.77% of the applied N. Loss of NO-N from both treatments was small compared with N2O-N loss. The urea treatment lost 0.27 kg ha-1 as NO-N and the AA treatment lost 0.2 kg ha-1 during the study period. While the measured loss rate of N2O-N from AA is similar to previous literature estimates, our values for urea are 20 to 40 times greater than the current literature reports of N2O-N loss of 0.1 to 0.2% of the urea applied. Higher N2O losses from urea in this study may be related to the fact that urea was banded below the soil surface, whereas urea has been broadcast on the soil surface in other N2O emissions studies