Quantum machine learning: from physics to software engineering

• Published in: Advances in physics: X Vol. 8; no. 1
• Main Authors: Melnikov, Alexey, Kordzanganeh, Mohammad, Alodjants, Alexander, Lee, Ray-Kuang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Abingdon Taylor & Francis 31.12.2023; Taylor & Francis Ltd; Taylor & Francis Group
• Subjects: Algorithms; Artificial intelligence; Data processing; graph theory; Machine learning; Neural networks; photonic quantum computing; Physics; quantum and quantum-inspired algorithms; Quantum information and computing; quantum machine learning; quantum neural networks; quantum technologies; quantum tomography; quantum walks; reinforcement learning; Software engineering; variational quantum circuits
• ISSN: 2374-6149; 2374-6149
• DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2023.2165452

Quantum machine learning is a rapidly growing field at the intersection of quantum technology and artificial intelligence. This review provides a two-fold overview of several key approaches that can offer advancements in both the development of quantum technologies and the power of artificial intelligence. Among these approaches are quantum-enhanced algorithms, which apply quantum software engineering to classical information processing to improve keystone machine learning solutions. In this context, we explore the capability of hybrid quantum-classical neural networks to improve model generalization and increase accuracy while reducing computational resources. We also illustrate how machine learning can be used both to mitigate the effects of errors on presently available noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices, and to understand quantum advantage via an automatic study of quantum walk processes on graphs. In addition, we review how quantum hardware can be enhanced by applying machine learning to fundamental and applied physics problems as well as quantum tomography and photonics. We aim to demonstrate how concepts in physics can be translated into practical engineering of machine learning solutions using quantum software.