Fatty acid and amino acid profiles in muscle longissimus lumborum et thoracis of the indigenous Prestice Black-Pied pig breed in comparison with a commercial pig hybrid

• Published in: Italian journal of animal science Vol. 22; no. 1; pp. 472 - 481
• Main Authors: Nevrkla, Pavel, Weisbauerová, Eva, Horký, Pavel, Hadaš, Zdeněk, Rozkot, Miroslav, Čtvrtlíková Knitlová, Drahomíra
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bologna Taylor & Francis 31.12.2023; Taylor & Francis Ltd; Taylor & Francis Group
• Subjects: amino acid; Amino acids; Aspartic acid; commercial hybrid; fatty acid; Fatty acids; g-linolenic acid; Genotypes; Hogs; Isoleucine; Lauric acid; Linolenic acid; Octanoic acid; Polyunsaturated fatty acids; Population studies; Prestice Black-Pied pig; sex; Stearic acid; Threonine; Valine
• ISSN: 1828-051X; 1594-4077; 1828-051X
• DOI: 10.1080/1828051X.2023.2206415

The objective of the study was to analyse the fatty acid profile (FA) and amino acid profile (AA) in the musculus longissimus lumborum et thoracis (MLLT) in two contrast pig populations. The study was carried out on a total of 39 pigs (19 barrows and 20 gilts) of the indigenous Prestice Black-Pied Pig (PB) and 37 pigs (17 barrows and 20 gilts) of the three-breed commercial hybrid of Large White × Landrace × Large White sireline (CH). The pigs were kept in the same conditions of diet and management. The slaughter was carried out at the average weight of 95 kg. Sex of the evaluated pigs was also taken into account. The CH pigs showed lower contents of saturated FA (p < 0.01), monounsaturated FA (MUFA; p < 0.05) and a higher content of n-6 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA; p < 0.05), more favourable health indexes, expressed as lower values of atherogenic (p < 0.001), thrombogenic (p < 0.001) and saturation (saturated/unsaturated FA) index (p < 0.001) and positively higher values of hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic FA ratio (p < 0.01). The gilts showed lower content of MUFA (p < 0.05). Significant (p < 0.05) interaction effects between genotype and sex were recorded for the caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, tridecylic acid, myristic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, α-linolenic and γ-linolenic acid (p < 0.01), with the highest content found in PB barrows. Differences in the AA profiles in the MLLT muscle were only minimal. The PB pigs showed higher proportion (p < 0.05) of threonine, isoleucine and aspartic acid. Higher proportions of threonine and valine were observed in barrows (p < 0.05). The results indicate that the evaluated populations of pigs are characterised by significantly different composition of FA. The health indexes suggest more favourable values in the meat of CH pigs. The aim of the study was comparison of fatty acid (FA) and amino acid (AA) composition in meat of two contrast pig genotypes. Regarding the FA profile, the modern hybrid showed more favourable health indexes than the Prestice Black-Pied Pig (PB). These two populations of pigs, kept in the same conditions, had similar composition of AAs in meat.