The Evolutionary Fate of Mitochondrial Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases in Amitochondrial Organisms

During the endosymbiotic evolution of mitochondria, the genes for aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases were transferred to the ancestral nucleus. A further reduction of mitochondrial function resulted in mitochondrion-related organisms (MRO) with a loss of the organelle genome. The fate of the now redundant a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of molecular evolution Vol. 89; no. 7; pp. 484 - 493
Main Author Igloi, Gabor L.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York Springer US 01.08.2021
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
Amino acid sequence
Aminoacyl-tRNA ligase
Animal Genetics and Genomics
Arginine-tRNA ligase
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Cell Biology
Coevolution
Evolutionary Biology
Evolutionary genetics
Genes
Genomes
Life Sciences
Microbiology
Mitochondria
Organisms
Original
Original Article
Plant Genetics and Genomics
Plant Sciences
tRNA
Protozoa
Amitochondrial
Identity elements
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
Mitosome
Arginyl-tRNA
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Summary:During the endosymbiotic evolution of mitochondria, the genes for aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases were transferred to the ancestral nucleus. A further reduction of mitochondrial function resulted in mitochondrion-related organisms (MRO) with a loss of the organelle genome. The fate of the now redundant ancestral mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase genes is uncertain. The derived protein sequence for arginyl-tRNA synthetase from thirty mitosomal organisms have been classified as originating from the ancestral nuclear or mitochondrial gene and compared to the identity element at position 20 of the cognate tRNA that distinguishes the two enzyme forms. The evolutionary choice between loss and retention of the ancestral mitochondrial gene for arginyl-tRNA synthetase reflects the coevolution of arginyl-tRNA synthetase and tRNA identity elements.
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Handling Editor: Alan Christensen.
ISSN:0022-2844
1432-1432
DOI:10.1007/s00239-021-10019-z