Association of ACE2 genetic polymorphisms with hypertension-related target organ damages in south Xinjiang

• Published in: Hypertension research Vol. 42; no. 5; pp. 681 - 689
• Main Authors: Luo, Yi, Liu, Cheng, Guan, Tianwang, Li, Yanfang, Lai, Yanxian, Li, Fang, Zhao, Haiyan, Maimaiti, Tutiguli, Zeyaweiding, Abudurexiti
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Nature Publishing Group 01.05.2019; Springer Singapore
• Subjects: Aged; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; Atrial Fibrillation - complications; Cardiovascular disease; Carotid Stenosis - complications; Case-Control Studies; China; Essential Hypertension - complications; Essential Hypertension - genetics; Essential Hypertension - pathology; Female; Heart Atria - pathology; Humans; Hypertension; Ions; Male; Middle Aged; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A - genetics; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Renin-Angiotensin System; China; Target organ damage; Essential hypertension; ACE2 polymorphism; Association; South Xinjiang
• ISSN: 0916-9636; 1348-4214
• DOI: 10.1038/s41440-018-0166-6

Essential hypertension (EH) is a principal contributing factor in worldwide cardiovascular disease mortality. Although interventions that minimize environmental risk factors for EH are associated with reduced cardiovascular disease, such approaches are limited for individuals with high genetic EH risk. In this study, we investigated possible associations between ACE2 polymorphisms and hypertension-related target organ damages in south Xinjiang, China. Four hundred and two hypertensive patients were enrolled as study participants in an EH group, and 233 normotensive individuals were enrolled as control subjects. Participants were recruited from the south Xinjiang region. Fourteen ACE2 polymorphisms were genotyped by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Risk genotypes of rs2074192 (TT+CT, OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.17-2.53), rs2106809 (TT, OR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.13-2.58), rs4240157 (CC+CT, OR = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.17-3.41), rs4646155 (TT+CT, OR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.06-3.54), rs4646188 (TT+CT, OR = 3.25, 95% CI: 1.95-5.41), rs4830542 (CC+CT, OR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.10-3.23), and rs879922 (CC+CG, OR = 4.86, 95% CI: 2.74-8.64) were associated with EH. Hypertensive patients carrying the control genotype of rs2074192 (CC, OR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.28-4.39) were associated with CAS ≥50%, while those carrying a high-EH-risk genotype of rs4240157 (OR = 2.62, 95% CI: 1.24-5.54), rs4646155 (OR = 2.44, 95% CI: 1.16-5.10), or rs4830542 (CC+CT, OR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.03-4.69) were associated with atrial fibrillation (AF), larger left atrial diameter, and higher levels of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activation (renin and angiotensin I/II). In conclusion, the ACE2 variant rs2074192 was associated with EH and EH with CAS ≥50%, while 3 ACE2 variants (rs4240157, rs4646155, and rs4830542) were associated with EH- and hypertension-related AF and left atrial remodeling in south Xinjiang, China.