A cross-dataset deep learning-based classifier for people fall detection and identification

• Published in: Computer methods and programs in biomedicine Vol. 184; p. 105265
• Main Authors: Delgado-Escaño, Rubén, Castro, Francisco M., Cózar, Julián R., Marín-Jiménez, Manuel J., Guil, Nicolás, Casilari, Eduardo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Ireland Elsevier B.V 01.02.2020
• Subjects: Accelerometry - instrumentation; Accidental Falls; Activities of Daily Living; Adult; Aged; Aging - physiology; Convolutional neural network; Datasets as Topic; Deep Learning; Fall detection; Humans; Inertial sensors; Long short-term memory; Memory; Models, Theoretical; Monitoring, Ambulatory - methods; Multi-task; Neural Networks, Computer; Wearable Electronic Devices; Young Adult; Long short-term memory; Activities of daily living; Inertial sensors; Multi-task; Fall detection; Convolutional neural network
• ISSN: 0169-2607; 1872-7565; 1872-7565
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2019.105265

•Universal fall detection pipeline that can be used in any dataset.•Multi-task learning scheme to produce multiple outputs from a single input.•State-of-the-art results on four different datasets. Background and Objective: Fall detection is an important problem for vulnerable sectors of the population such as elderly people, who frequently live alone. Note that a fall can be very dangerous for them if they cannot ask for help. Hence, in those situations, an automatic system that detected and informed to emergency services about the fall and subject identity could help to save lives. This way, they would know not only when but also who to help. Thus, our objective is to develop a new approach, based on deep learning, for fall detection and people identification that can be used in different datasets without any fine-tuning of the model parameters. Methods: We present a dataset-independent deep learning-based model that, by employing a multi-task learning approach, uses raw inertial information as input to solve simultaneously two tasks: fall detection and subject identification. By this way, our approach is able to automatically learn the best representations without any constraint introduced by the pre-processed features. Results: Our cross-dataset classifier is able to detect falls with more than a 98% of accuracy in four datasets recorded under different conditions (i.e. accelerometer device, sampling rate, sequence length, age of the subjects, etc.). Moreover, the number of false positives is very low – on average less than 1.6% – establishing a new state-of-the-art. Finally, our classifier is also capable of correctly identifying people with an average accuracy of 79.6%. Conclusions: The presented approach performs both tasks (fall detection and people identification) by using a single model and achieving real-time execution. The obtained results allow us to assert that a single model can be used for both fall detection and people identification under different conditions, easing its real implementation, as it is not necessary to train the model for new subjects.