Diagnosis and treatment of Lyme arthritis

• Published in: Infectious disease clinics of North America Vol. 29; no. 2; p. 269
• Main Authors: Arvikar, Sheila L, Steere, Allen C
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01.06.2015
• Subjects: Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - therapeutic use; Arthritis, Infectious - diagnosis; Arthritis, Infectious - microbiology; Arthritis, Infectious - therapy; Borrelia burgdorferi - isolation & purification; Humans; Lyme Disease - complications; Lyme Disease - diagnosis; Lyme Disease - drug therapy; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Synovial Fluid; Synovitis - drug therapy; Synovitis - etiology; Lyme disease; Borrelia burgdorferi; Antibiotic-refractory arthritis; Inflammatory arthritis; Lyme arthritis
• ISSN: 1557-9824
• DOI: 10.1016/j.idc.2015.02.004

In the United States, Lyme arthritis is the most common feature of late-stage Borrelia burgdorferi infection, usually beginning months after the initial bite. In some, earlier phases are asymptomatic and arthritis is the presenting manifestation. Patients with Lyme arthritis have intermittent or persistent attacks of joint swelling and pain in 1 or a few large joints. Serologic testing is the mainstay of diagnosis. Synovial fluid polymerase chain reaction for B burgdorferi DNA is often positive before treatment, but is not a reliable marker of spirochetal eradication after therapy. This article reviews the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of Lyme arthritis.