Facial profile changes due to bone cement graft to manage the hyperactive muscles of the gingival smile

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate facial profile changes promoted by polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) cement graft to reduce excessive gingival display due to hyperactivity of the elevator muscles of the upper lip during smiling. Methods: Eleven patients (all females, age range: 20 to 43 years) presenti...

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Published inDental press journal of orthodontics Vol. 25; no. 2; pp. 44 - 51
Main Authors Torres, Érica Miranda de, Valladares-Neto, José, Bernades, Karina de Oliveira, Naldi, Luis Fernando, Torres, Hianne Miranda de, Carvalho, Alexandre Leite, Estrela, Carlos
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Portuguese
Published Maringa Dental Press International 01.03.2020
Dental Press Editora
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Summary:ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate facial profile changes promoted by polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) cement graft to reduce excessive gingival display due to hyperactivity of the elevator muscles of the upper lip during smiling. Methods: Eleven patients (all females, age range: 20 to 43 years) presenting gingival smile that were treated with PMMA cement grafts in a private clinic were selected for this retrospective study. Three angular and ten linear cephalometric facial profile measurements were performed preoperatively (baseline, T1) and at least 6 months postoperatively (T2). Differences between T1 and T2 were verified by Wilcoxon test, and the correlation between the thickness of the graft and facial profile changes was statistically evaluated by Spearman’s Coefficient test. The significance level was set at p< 0.05. Results: The nasolabial angle (p= 0.03) and the labial component of the nasolabial angle showed statistically significant differences (p= 0.04), with higher values in T2. No correlations were found between the graft thickness and the statistically significant facial profile changes (p> 0.05). Conclusions: The PMMA bone cement graft projected the upper lip forward, thereby increasing the nasolabial angle without affecting the nasal component. No correlations between the graft thickness and the facial profile changes were detected. RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar as alterações do perfil facial promovidas pelo enxerto de cimento de polimetilmetacrilato (PMMA) para redução da exposição gengival excessiva devida à hiperatividade dos músculos elevadores do lábio superior durante o sorriso. Métodos: Onze pacientes (todos do sexo feminino, faixa etária de 20 a 43 anos) com sorriso gengival, tratados com enxerto de cimento de PMMA em clínica privada, foram selecionados para este estudo retrospectivo. Três medidas cefalométricas angulares e dez lineares do perfil facial foram realizadas no pré-operatório (T1) e com pelo menos seis meses de pós-operatório (T2). As diferenças entre T1 e T2 foram verificadas pelo teste de Wilcoxon, e a correlação entre a espessura do enxerto e as alterações do perfil facial foi avaliada estatisticamente pelo Coeficiente de Spearman. O nível de significância foi estabelecido em p< 0,05. Resultados: o ângulo nasolabial (p= 0,03) e o componente labial do ângulo nasolabial apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas (p= 0,04), com maiores valores em T2. Não foram encontradas correlações estatisticamente significativas (p> 0,05) entre a espessura do enxerto e as alterações do perfil facial. Conclusões: O enxerto de cimento ósseo de PMMA projetou discretamente o lábio superior, aumentando o ângulo nasolabial sem afetar o componente nasal. Não foram detectadas correlações entre a espessura do enxerto e as alterações do perfil facial.
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Conception or design of the study: EMT, CE. Data acquisition, analysis or interpretation: EMT, JVN, KOB, LFN, HMT, ALC, CE. Writing the article: EMT, JVN, KOB, HMT, ALC. Critical revision of the article: EMT, JVN, KOB, LFN, HMT, ALC, CE. Final approval of the article: EMT, JVN, KOB, LFN, HMT, ALC, CE.
Patients displayed in this article previously approved the use of their facial and intraoral photographs. The authors report no commercial, proprietary or financial interest in the products or companies described in this article.
ISSN:2176-9451
2177-6709
2177-6709
DOI:10.1590/2177-6709.25.2.044-051.oar