Electromagnetic Emission from Supermassive Binary Black Holes Approaching Merger

• Published in: The Astrophysical journal Vol. 865; no. 2; pp. 140 - 156
• Main Authors: d'Ascoli, Stéphane, Noble, Scott C., Bowen, Dennis B., Campanelli, Manuela, Krolik, Julian H., Mewes, Vassilios
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Philadelphia The American Astronomical Society 01.10.2018; IOP Publishing; American Astronomical Society
• Subjects: Accretion; Accretion disks; accretion, accretion disks; Angular distribution; Astrophysics; black hole physics; Black holes; Electric power distribution; Emission; Fluid flow; galaxies: nuclei; General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology; Gravitational lenses; Magnetohydrodynamic simulation; magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); Physics; Radiation; radiative transfer; Relativism; Relativistic effects; Spectral emittance; Streams; X-ray spectra; black hole; ray-tracing; radiative transfer; magnetohydrodynamics; anisotropy; gravitation: lens; hydrodynamics; general relativity; black hole: binary; Galaxies: nuclei; accretion; angular distribution; radiation: primary; electromagnetic; ultraviolet; Black hole physics; thermal; gas; X-ray; accretion disks
• ISSN: 0004-637X; 1538-4357
• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aad8b4

We present the first relativistic prediction of the electromagnetic emission from the surrounding gas of a supermassive binary black hole system approaching merger. Using a ray-tracing code to post-process data from a general relativistic 3D magnetohydrodynamic simulation, we generate images and spectra, and analyze the viewing angle dependence of the light emitted. When the accretion rate is relatively high, the circumbinary disk, accretion streams, and mini-disks combine to emit light in the UV/extreme-UV bands. We posit a thermal Compton hard X-ray spectrum for coronal emission; at high accretion rates, it is almost entirely produced in the mini-disks, but at lower accretion rates it is the primary radiation mechanism in the mini-disks and accretion streams as well. Due to relativistic beaming and gravitational lensing, the angular distribution of the power radiated is strongly anisotropic, especially near the equatorial plane.