Tantalum-coated polylactic acid fibrous membranes for guided bone regeneration

• Published in: Materials Science & Engineering C Vol. 115; p. 111112
• Main Authors: Hwang, Changha, Park, Suhyung, Kang, In-Gu, Kim, Hyoun-Ee, Han, Cheol-Min
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.10.2020; Elsevier BV
• Subjects: Animals; Biocompatibility; Biocompatible Materials - chemistry; Biocompatible Materials - pharmacology; Biodegradability; Biodegradation; Biomedical materials; Bone growth; Bone healing; Bone Regeneration - drug effects; Cell Differentiation - drug effects; Cell Line; Cell Proliferation - drug effects; Chemical composition; Coating; Coatings; Collagen; Defects; Electrospinning; Fibers; Fibrous structure; Guided bone regeneration; Guided Tissue Regeneration - instrumentation; Healing; In vivo methods and tests; Male; Materials science; Mechanical properties; Membranes; Membranes, Artificial; Mice; Nanofibers; Osteoblasts - cytology; Osteoblasts - drug effects; Osteoconduction; Polyesters - chemistry; Polylactic acid; Rabbits; Regeneration; Regeneration (physiology); Soft tissues; Sputtering; Tantalum; Tantalum - chemistry; Tantalum - pharmacology; X-Ray Microtomography; Electrospinning; Tantalum; Guided bone regeneration; Sputtering; Polylactic acid
• ISSN: 0928-4931; 1873-0191
• DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111112

Guided bone regeneration (GBR) membrane is necessary to reconstruct the defect bone tissue by defending penetration of soft tissues. Polylactic acid (PLA) attracts much attention to utilize as a GBR membrane because it has relatively high mechanical strength and biodegradability. However, the poor osteoconductivity of PLA is a major concern. The aim of this study is to improve the osteoconductivity of fibrous, electrospun, PLA guided bone regeneration membranes by coating the fiber surface with highly biocompatible tantalum (Ta). Ta coating of electrospun PLA membrane was created through sputtered Ta ions surrounding the PLA fibers. The Ta-coated PLA (Ta–PLA) membranes remain a randomly aligned fibrous structure with no defects caused by sputtering. The chemical composition of Ta–PLA membrane indicates Ta coating was well deposited on PLA fibers. Although the mechanical strength of Ta–PLA was reduced compared with bare PLA membrane, the Ta coating layer does not readily delaminate from the single PLA fiber surface due to its cladded structure which indicates that the Ta coating has high mechanical stability on PLA fibers. In vitro cell tests demonstrate that the attachment, proliferation, and differentiation of preosteoblasts are significantly promoted on the Ta–PLA membranes compared to bare PLA. In an in vivo animal test, most calvarial defects in the Ta–PLA group are covered with newly formed bone within six weeks, while the defects in the bare PLA group are rarely covered. Furthermore, the degree of bone healing in the Ta–PLA group is comparable to healing observed on collagen membranes, which are highly bioactive materials. These results indicate the superior osteoconductivity of Ta–PLA will make it particularly useful as a guided bone regeneration membrane. [Display omitted] •Ta–PLA guided bone regeneration membrane was fabricated via electrospinning and DC sputtering.•Ta coating layer surrounded single PLA fiber and did not readily detach from the fiber.•In vitro cell and In vivo animal tests represented that Ta–PLA showed higher osteoconductivity compared with bare PLA.