Anatomically Compartmentalized Human Immunodeficiency Virus Replication in HLA-DR+ Cells and CD14+ Macrophages at the Site of Pleural Tuberculosis Coinfection

• Published in: The Journal of infectious diseases Vol. 184; no. 9; pp. 1127 - 1133
• Main Authors: Lawn, Stephen D., Pisell, Tracy L., Hirsch, Christina S., Wu, Mianda, Butera, Salvatore T., Toossi, Zahra
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chicago, IL The University of Chicago Press 01.11.2001; University of Chicago Press; Oxford University Press
• Subjects: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - immunology; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - virology; Bacterial diseases; Biological and medical sciences; Cell Compartmentation; Coinfection; Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 - metabolism; HIV; HIV 1; HIV-1 - physiology; HLA-DR Antigens - metabolism; Human bacterial diseases; Human viral diseases; Humans; Infections; Infectious diseases; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors - metabolism; Lymphocytes; Macrophages; Macrophages - virology; Major Articles; Medical sciences; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Pleural Effusion - immunology; Pleural Effusion - virology; Pleural tuberculosis; T lymphocytes; T-Lymphocytes - virology; Tuberculosis and atypical mycobacterial infections; Tuberculosis, Pleural - immunology; Tuberculosis, Pleural - virology; Viral diseases; Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids; Virus Replication; Viruses; HLA-System; Immunomagnetic method; Mixed infection; HIV-1 virus; Mycobacterial infection; Bacteria; Localization; Human; Immunopathology; Cytokine; Retroviridae; AIDS; Lentivirus; Immune deficiency; Protein; Infection; Virus; Tuberculosis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Mycobacteriales; Viral disease; Bacteriosis; Mycobacteriaceae; Replication; Actinomycetes; Concentrate; Human immunodeficiency virus; Detection; Lymphocyte; Macrophage
• ISSN: 0022-1899; 1537-6613
• DOI: 10.1086/323649

This study examined the impact of the host inflammatory microenvironment associated with localized tuberculosis (TB) on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication within lymphocytes and macrophages in vivo. Paired plasma and pleural fluid samples from HIV-1–infected individuals with pleural TB (n=9) were analyzed. Detection of host proteins incorporated into the HIV-1 envelope by immunomagnetic capture analysis provided insight into the phenotype of cells supporting HIV-1 replication. The results indicated that the 4.0-fold greater median HIV-1 load in pleural fluid, compared with median load in plasma (P<.01), was derived in part from viral replication within HLA-DR+ cells, CD26+ lymphocytes, and, importantly, CD14+ macrophages. Greatly increased local concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines and immune activation markers in the pleural space correlated with the virologic findings. In summary, HIV-1 replication was increased at sites of Mycobacterium tuberculosis coinfection within activated cells, including lymphocytes and CD14+ macrophages