New developments of polymeric dental composites

• Published in: Progress in polymer science Vol. 26; no. 4; pp. 535 - 576
• Main Authors: Moszner, Norbert, Salz, Ulrich
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01.05.2001; Elsevier Science
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Bioactivity; Biological and medical sciences; Composite reinforcement; Composites; Crosslinking; Dendrimers; Dental monomers; Exact sciences and technology; Forms of application and semi-finished materials; Glass; Head and neck surgery. Maxillofacial surgery. Dental surgery. Orthodontics; Liquid crystals; Liquid-crystalline monomers; Maxillofacial surgery. Dental surgery. Orthodontics; Medical sciences; Monomers; Nanoparticles; Nanostructured materials; Ormocers; Polyacrylates; Polymer industry, paints, wood; Polymerization shrinkage; Radiopacity; Reinforcement; Restorative composite; Ring opening polymerization; Shrinkage; Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases; Technology of polymers; BOE, Bicyclic orthoester; D 3MA, Dodecanediol dimethacrylate; IPTES, (3-isocyanatopropyl)triethoxysilane; Ormocers; EBPA, Ethoxylated poly(isopropylidenediphenol) resin; Ring-opening polymerization; Nanoparticles; HEMA, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate; DECHC, 3,4-Epoxycyclohexanemethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexane carboxylate; T g, Glass transition temperatures; DTBP, Di- tert-butylperoxide; VL, Visible light; Dendrimers; Radiopacity; mp, Melting point; MMA, Methyl methacrylate; SOC, Spiro orthocarbonate; TES, Triethoxysilane; TMXDI, α,α,α′,α′-Tetramethyl- m-xylylene diisocyanate; Restorative composite; Liquid-crystalline monomers; UDMA, 1,6-Bis-[2-methacryloyloxyethoxycarbonylamino]-2,4,4-trimethylhexane; GDMA, Glycerol dimethacrylate; EBPDMA, Ethoxylated Bis-GMA; AMA, Allyl methacrylate; PETMP, Pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate); TEGDMA, Triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate; Polymerization shrinkage; AEMA, 2-Acryloyloxyethyl methacrylate; MOD, Mesial-occlusal-distal; Bis-GMA, 2,2-Bis[4-(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloyloxypropyl)phenyl]-propane; TEOS, Tetraethoxysilane; M w, Weight-average molecular weight; SOE, Spiro orthoesters; AIBN, Azobisisobutyronitrile; Dental monomers; 4-META, 4-Methacryloyloxyethyl trimellitate anhydride; Bioactivity; APTES, (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane; GMA, Glycidyl methacrylate; Composite reinforcement; Polymer; State of the art; Biomaterial; Dental restoration; Preparation; Composite material
• ISSN: 0079-6700; 1873-1619
• DOI: 10.1016/S0079-6700(01)00005-3

The currently used commercial restorative composites contain a mixture of various cross-linking dimethacrylates, glass- and/or silicon dioxide fillers, and a photoinitiator system. They are cured by irradiation with visible light. New developments of polymeric composites for restorative filling materials are mainly focused on the reduction of polymerization shrinkage, and improvement of biocompatibility, wear resistance and processing properties. This can be partially achieved by using new tailor-made monomers and optimized filler particles. This review describes the polymeric chemical aspects of the application of new monomers, e.g. cyclic monomers, liquid-crystalline monomers, ormocers, branched monomers, compomers or Bis-GMA analogues or substitutes for restorative composites. In addition, the contribution of new filler-technologies for the improvement of restorative composites is discussed.